原生地和入侵地旱雀麦（Bromus tectorum）幼苗生理特性比较

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00108

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以来自中国准噶尔盆地（原生地）和美国大盆地（入侵地）的一年生禾本科植物旱雀麦（Bromus tectorum）为研究对象，对比分析了不同来源地之间旱雀麦幼苗生理特性的差异。结果表明：（1）来自大盆地旱雀麦的主要光合作用指标均极显著地高于准噶尔盆地旱雀麦，具体表现为：净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、瞬时水分利用效率及最大净光合速率均存在显著性差异（p<0.01），而胞间CO2浓度及其他光合作用参数的差异不显著（p>0.05）;（2）叶绿素荧光参数方面，调节性能量耗散量子产量、非调节性能量耗散量子产量以及非光化学淬灭系数表现出显著差异（p<0.05），其他荧光参数的差异不显著（p>0.05）;（3）来自大盆地旱雀麦幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b的含量以及叶片含氮量均高于准噶尔盆地旱雀麦，但差异并不显著（p>0.05）。总体来说，来自大盆地旱雀麦幼苗在生理特性方面要比准噶尔盆地旱雀麦具有一定的优势。

关键词: 原生地, 入侵地, 旱雀麦（Bromus tectorum）, 光合, 叶绿素荧光, 生理特性

Abstract:

Physiological characteristics of Bromus tectorum seedlings between its original habitat, the Junggar Basin of China, and the invaded habitat, the Great Basin of American, were compared. The results showed that: (1) the photosynthetic indicators of Bromus tectorum from the Great Basin were significantly higher than that from the Junggar Basin. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, instantaneous water use efficiency and the maximum net photosynthetic rate of Bromus tectorum presented significant differences between the two habitats (p<0.01), respectively, while the difference in intercellular CO2 concentration and other photosynthetic parameters were not significant (p>0.05); (2) except for quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation (Y(NPQ)), quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation (Y(NO)), and non-photochemical quenching(NPQ), the differences of other chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were not significant (p>0.05); (3) the content of Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a+b and leaf nitrogen content of Bromus tectorum from the Great Basin were all higher than that from the Junggar Basin, but the differences were not significant (p>0.05). Overall, the physiological characteristics of Bromus tectorum from the Great Basin were superior to those from the Junggar Basin.

Key words: original region, invasive region, Bromus tectorum, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, physiological characteristics

中图分类号:

Q948

周志彬1,2, 张元明1, Liliya Dimeyeva3. 原生地和入侵地旱雀麦（Bromus tectorum）幼苗生理特性比较[J]. 中国沙漠, 2013, 33(3): 751-757.

ZHOU Zhi-bin1,2, ZHANG Yuan-ming1, Liliya Dimeyeva3. Comparison on Physiological Characteristics between the Original and Invasive Bromus tectorum Seedings[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2013, 33(3): 751-757.

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