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中国沙漠 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 134-141.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00111

• • 上一篇    

科尔沁沙质草地不同恢复年限草本层群落结构及其与土壤理化性质的关系

赵啸龙1(), 谢玉鸿1, 马旭君2, 王少昆2()   

  1. 1.兰州大学 草地农业科技学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 奈曼沙漠化研究站/乌拉特荒漠草原研究站/甘肃省寒区旱区逆境生理与生态重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-17 修回日期:2021-08-27 出版日期:2022-03-20 发布日期:2022-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 王少昆
  • 作者简介:王少昆(E-mail: wangsk@lzb.ac.cn
    赵啸龙(2000—),男,内蒙古五原人,本科生,专业为草地生态学。E-mail: zhaoxl2018@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41771117);中国科学院“西部之光”项目(Y829921001)

Vegetation structure and its relationship with soil physicochemical properties in restoring sandy grassland in Horqin Sandy Land

Xiaolong Zhao1(), Yuhong Xie1, Xujun Ma2, Shaokun Wang2()   

  1. 1.College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.Naiman Desertification Research Station / Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station / Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology,Northwest Institute Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2021-04-17 Revised:2021-08-27 Online:2022-03-20 Published:2022-03-30
  • Contact: Shaokun Wang

摘要:

草本植物在沙地植被恢复过程中具有重要作用,研究自然恢复沙质草地草本层植物群落组成变化规律及其与土壤因子之间的关系,对植被与土壤恢复具有重要的意义。本研究对科尔沁严重退化沙地封育12、17年和20年的自然恢复沙质草地植物组成和土壤理化性质进行研究,同时分析了植物组成与土壤因子的相关关系。结果表明:随着恢复年限的增加,土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮、速效钾和缓效钾含量显著升高,群落物种丰富度逐渐增加,禾本科植物所占比例升高,菊科和藜科植物比例降低;一年生和二年生植物占比下降,多年生植物占比上升;草本层植物高度、盖度与地上生物量显著增加,物种丰富度、优势度和多样性指数分别增加30.16%、10.86%和21.81%;沙质草地植被恢复过程中植物群落特征主要受土壤含水量(贡献率为30.77%)和土壤速效养分(速效氮、速效磷和速效钾的贡献率分别为16.67%、13.74%和7.69%)的影响,说明土壤含水量和土壤速效养分是影响科尔沁沙质草地退化植被恢复的主要影响因素。

关键词: 科尔沁沙地, 沙质草地, 群落结构, 物种多样性, 土壤养分

Abstract:

Herbs play an important role in the process of vegetation restoration in sandy land ecosystem. It is very important to study the vegetation changes and its relationship with soil factors in natural sandy land restoration. This study focused on the vegetation composition and its relationship with soil physicochemical properties along 12-year, 17-year and 20-year restoration gradient in Horqin sandy grassland. The results showed that: with the restoration processing, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available potassium and slow-acting potassium increased significantly; plant species richness increased gradually; the proportion of Gramineae increased, while the proportions of Compositae and Chenopodiaceae decreased; The proportion of annual and biannual plant species decreased, while the proportion of perennial plant species increased; the vegetation height, coverage and above-ground biomass of herbaceous plants increased significantly; the species richness, dominance and diversity indices increased by 30.16%, 10.86% and 21.81% from 12-year to 20-year restoration, respectively; The plant community composition were mainly affected by soil water content (contribution rate of 30.77%) and soil available nutrients (contribution rates of available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium are 16.67%, 13.74%, and 7.69%, respectively) along sandy grassland restoration gradient. The results indicated that soil water content and soil available nutrients are the main factors affecting the restoration procedure of degraded sandy grassland in Horqin Sandy Land.

Key words: Horqin Sandy Land, sandy grassland, community structure, species diversity, soil nutrients

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