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中国沙漠 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 134-141.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00065

• • 上一篇    

河西走廊草地荒漠化动态及驱动因素

程小云1(), 张琴1, 兰芳芳1, 李源1, 韩雅萱2, 张黎敏1, 杨妍轲3, 王新源1()   

  1. 1.甘肃省生态资源监测中心/甘肃省林业调查规划院,甘肃 兰州 730020
    2.甘肃省林业科技推广站,甘肃 兰州 730046
    3.甘肃省白龙江林业生态监测和调查规划院,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-11 修回日期:2022-04-12 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2023-01-09
  • 通讯作者: 王新源
  • 作者简介:王新源(E-mail: wxy0931@163.com
    程小云(1991—),男,甘肃秦安人,硕士,主要从事森林资源管理、荒漠化防治方面的研究。E-mail: chengxy1001@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR5RA089);甘肃省林草局草原生态修复治理科技支撑项目(甘林草函[2020]72号)

Dynamic characteristics and driving factors of grassland desertification in Hexi Corridor

Xiaoyun Cheng1(), Qin Zhang1, Fangfang Lan1, Yuan Li1, Yaxuan Han2, Limin Zhang1, Yanke Yang3, Xinyuan Wang1()   

  1. 1.Gansu Monitoring Center for Ecological Resources / Gansu Institute of Forestry Survey and Planning,Lanzhou 730020,China
    2.Forestry Sci-tech Extension Station of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730046,China
    3.Bailongjiang Forestry Ecological Monitoring and Investigation Planning Institute of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2022-03-11 Revised:2022-04-12 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2023-01-09
  • Contact: Xinyuan Wang

摘要:

草地荒漠化是河西走廊面临的主要生态问题。探究河西走廊草地荒漠化的现状与变化,是维持地区生态安全、确保经济社会健康稳定发展的关键。本研究以2009、2014、2019年全国荒漠化监测数据为基础,结合同时期的气象和年鉴数据,利用趋势分析、灰色关联及结构方程模型等方法,分析了河西走廊草地荒漠化的动态变化规律,在此基础上,量化了驱动草地荒漠化的因素。结果表明:(1)河西走廊草地荒漠化威胁持续存在,2019年,荒漠化草地面积为371.93万hm2,占河西走廊草地总面积的43.7%,荒漠化程度以中度为主,占比为65.58%。(2)2009—2019年,荒漠化草地面积减少134.68万hm2,草地荒漠化得到有效遏制。根据草地荒漠化程度综合性评价指数,除金昌市外,酒泉市、嘉峪关市、张掖市和武威市草地荒漠化呈逆转趋势。(3)驱动草地荒漠化动态变化的各类因素中,年降水量增加有助于荒漠化逆转,年均气温、农作物播种面积、大牲畜存栏数、常住人口数与草地荒漠化呈正相关,其中常住人口数通过影响农作物播种面积间接导致草地荒漠化加剧。

关键词: 河西走廊, 草地荒漠化, 现状和变化, 驱动因素

Abstract:

Grassland desertification is the main ecological problem in Hexi Corridor. Therefore, exploring the status and changes of grassland desertification in the Hexi Corridor is the key to maintain regional ecological security and ensure healthy and stable economic and social development. Based on the three national desertification monitoring data in 2009, 2014 and 2019, and combined with the meteorological and yearbook data of the same period, our study analyzed the rule of dynamic changes of grassland desertification in the Hexi Corridor by applying trend analysis, grey correlation and structural equation modeling, and on this basis, the factors driving grassland desertification were quantified. The results show that: (1) The threat of grassland desertification persists in the Hexi Corridor region. In 2019, the desertified grassland area was 3.7193 million hm2, accounting for 43.7% of the total grassland area in the Hexi Corridor, and the degree of desertification was mainly moderate, accounting for 65.58% of the total desertification grassland. (2) From 2009 to 2019, the area of desertified grassland decreased by 1.3468 million hm2, and the grassland desertification tended to be reversed. The comprehensive evaluation index of grassland desertification degree showed that, except for Jinchang City, the grassland desertification in Jiuquan City, Jiayuguan City, Zhangye City and Wuwei City showed reversing trend. (3) Among the driving factors that cause the dynamic changes of grassland desertification, the increase of precipitation is helpful for the reversal of desertification. Among them, temperature, crop sown area, number of large livestock, and permanent population are positively correlated with grassland desertification, and the permanent population indirectly promote the exacerbation of grassland desertification by affecting the sown area of crops.

Key words: Hexi Corridor, grassland desertification, status and changes, driving factors

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