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中国沙漠 ›› 2010, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 660-667.

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地大气气溶胶散射特征研究

陆 辉1,2, 魏文寿3*, 刘明哲1, 高卫东3,4, 王敏仲3   

  1. 1.中国科学院 新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011; 2.中国科学院 研究生院, 北京 100049; 3.中国气象局 乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002; 4.济南大学 资源与环境学院, 山东 济南 250000
  • 收稿日期:2009-07-20 修回日期:2009-11-27 出版日期:2010-05-20 发布日期:2010-05-20

Aerosol Scattering Properties in the Hinterland of Taklimakan Desert

LU Hui1,2, WEI Wen-shou3, LIU Ming-zhe1, GAO Wei-dong3,4, WANG Min-zhong3   

  1. 1.Xingjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; 2.Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3.Urumqi Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China; 4.School of Resources and Enviroment University of Jinan, Jinan 250000, China
  • Received:2009-07-20 Revised:2009-11-27 Online:2010-05-20 Published:2010-05-20

摘要: 利用沙漠腹地塔中气象站积分浊度计的2004年观测资料,结合同期PM10质量浓度、能见度和常规气象资料,分析了塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地气溶胶散射系数的变化特征,以及气溶胶散射系数与PM10质量浓度、能见度的关系。研究表明,2004年塔中气溶胶散射系数、PM10质量浓度、能见度日平均值分别为124.74±187.30 Mm-1,538.9±841.7 μg·m-3,12 748±7 274 m。塔中气溶胶散射系数小时平均值出现频率最高的区间主要在100 Mm-1以下,中午气溶胶散射系数小,早晚气溶胶散射系数大;冬春两季的凌晨空气中含有较多的粒子,气溶胶散射系数较大;气溶胶散射系数小时平均值与PM10质量浓度变化规律基本一致,2004年1—6月的气溶胶质量散射系数平均值为0.37 m2·g-1;散射系数与能见度日平均值非线性相关较好,两者呈负幂函数关系。

关键词: 大气气溶胶, 散射系数, 积分浊度计, PM10质量浓度, 能见度

Abstract: The aerosol scattering proterties in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert was continuously observed by integrating Nephelometer in 2004, which in combining with the data of mass concentration of PM10, the visibility and the routine weather observation,the seasonal and daily variation features of aerosol scattering coefficients and its correlation with the PM10 and the visibility were analyzed. The results indicate that the hourly mean aerosol scattering coefficient, the mean mass concentration of PM10,and the mean visibility at TaZhong in 2004 were 124.74±187.30 Mm-1, 538.9±841.7 μg·m-3,and 12 748±7 274 m, respectively. The maximum frequency distribution of the hourly mean scattering coefficient is below 100 Mm-1, and the aerosol scattering coefficient is higher in the morning and evening,while it is lower at noon during a day. There are more particles in the air in the wee hours in winter and spring,so the aerosol scattering coefficients are more higher; The variations of the hourly mean aerosol scattering coefficient and the mass concentration of PM10 are consistent. The daily mean aerosol scattering coefficients and the visibility are significantly correlated,and their relationship might be described by a negative power function.

Key words: atmospheric aerosol, scattering coefficient, integrating nepholometer, PM10, visibility

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