植物对硼吸收转运机理的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综述了在高浓度和低浓度条件下硼被植物吸收运输机理的研究进展。植物对硼的跨膜吸收有三种方式：硼供应充足时，植物通过被动吸收融合脂双层膜的方式以及借助MIPs蛋白协助的方式将硼吸收进入细胞；硼供应不足时，植物启动一个高亲和吸收系统，该系统通过依赖能量的蛋白（如NIP5-1）以主动运输的方式将硼运入细胞内。硼在高等植物体内的运输途径有木质部和韧皮部两种，木质部是硼向上运输的主要通道，而BOR1作为植物体内介导硼外排的转运子，受外源硼浓度的调节：在植物缺硼时负责将硼从中柱鞘向木质部运输；在硼供应充足或植物处于高硼环境中时，植物通过蒸腾作用经木质部将硼向上运输，植物响应外源硼的机制开始启动，体内的BOR1会被内含体通过胞吞的方式吸收并最终运至液泡中进行降解。

关键词: 研究进展, 硼, 吸收, 转运, NIP5-1, BOR1

Abstract:

The review focuses on the absorption and translocation mechanism of boron in plants in the case of sufficient boron supply or low boron supply. Plants absorb boron through the following three pathways: passively absorption across the lipid bilayer or facilitated by major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) when boron supply is sufficient; actively absorption with the help of an energy-dependent transporter such as NIP5-1 in a high affinity absorbing system when boron supply is low. There are xylem loading and phloem loading for boron translocation in higher plants, and xylem loading is the major way for boron translocation. BOR1 is an efflux-type boron transporter and is regulated by the boron supply; it is responsible for xylem loading when boron supply is low. When boron supply is sufficient or excessive, boron is transported by transpiration through xylem, the mechanism responding outside boron supply starts up, and endocytosis and degradation of BOR1 occur in vacuoles.

Key words: research review, Boron, absorption, translocation, NIP5-1, BOR1

中图分类号:

Q945.12

何建新. 植物对硼吸收转运机理的研究进展 [J]. 中国沙漠, 2008, 28(2): 266-273.

HE Jian-xin. Review on Research of Absorption and Translocation Mechanism of Boron in Plants[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2008, 28(2): 266-273.

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