天山北坡城市群地域空间结构时空特征研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 正确认识城市群地域结构的形成及发展规律对促进城市群的健康发展有着十分重要的意义。运用分形理论和多变量聚类统计分析等方法,以干旱区天山北坡城市群为研究对象,对其1990—2005年城市群规模和职能结构时空特征、空间分布进行研究。研究结果表明,该区域城市群城市规模等级结构和空间相互作用都具有分形特征。天山北坡城市群等级规模结构比较松散,呈明显的首位分布,人口分布不均,且有极化趋势。城市群职能分工不明显,城市经济结构雷同,经济活动的主导部门都是工业,优势职能为交通和商业,但城市群职能结构不断发展完善。城市群空间布局受到自然条件的制约与影响,城市缘绿洲疏密相间分布、沿河流空间扩张分布,交通干线两侧集聚的特点,城市间连通度很高,接近直线式连通。城市空间组织形态呈现出总体带状发展,点面结合、圈面集中的特点。

关键词: 分形理论, 规模结构, 职能结构, 城市群, 天山北坡

Abstract: Optimization of geographic spatial structure is an important aspect and main content of studying urban sustainable development. Mastering the rules of the form and changes in the city clusters will have significant meaning in promoting the urban agglomerations development. Through analyzing the geographic spatial structure including the hierarchical structure, the structure urban functional changes and the spatial-temporal feature of size, which is based on using the fractal theory and combining the cluster analysis, this paper discusses the development route of oasis urban agglomerations from 1990 to 2005 and the method of optimization of geographic spatial structure at the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in arid area. The research suggested that the rank-scale distribution and spatial interaction has fractal character. The hierarchical structure in urban agglomerations at the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains has the characteristic such as loosing, primate city distribution, and the uneven population distribution and polarization trend. But from 1990 to 2005, the urban primacy index decreased and the structure of size-scale optimized. The trend of the agglomerations population is that the centre changed from single to multi-center. The functional division in urban agglomerations is not very distinct. The urban economic structure is similar: the leading sector is industry and sectors with superiority are transportation and business industry. In 1990, there was only single isolated relatively centre, so the impact of centralization was remarkable. In 2005, with the function of central cities developing, its centralization and pervasion was enhanced. The urban functional structure is developing and perfecting. Impacted on natural environment influence and restriction, the spatial distribution is linear, and the most cities lie on a geographic element as rivers, railway and national artery. The connectivity degree is relatively strong. The display of spatial organizational structure of cities is belt, integration of partial and whole, concentration of megalopolis and economic zone.

Key words: fractal theory, size-scale, functional structure, urban agglomerations, the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains

中图分类号:

F291

张豫芳;杨德刚;张小雷;邓红涛. 天山北坡城市群地域空间结构时空特征研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2008, 28(4): 795-802.

ZHANG Yu-fang;YANG De-gang;ZHANG Xiao-lei;DENG Hong-tao. Research on Regional Structure and Spatial Fractal Characteristics of Urban Agglomerations at Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2008, 28(4): 795-802.

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