艾比湖干涸湖底不同景观类型下富盐沉积物盐分积聚特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00208

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以艾比湖东南部历史时期干涸湖底为研究区,对6种不同景观类型下富盐沉积物进行采样分析。运用经典统计研究了干涸湖底各景观类型下富盐沉积物盐分含量及盐分积聚特征。结果表明:不同景观类型的沉积物可溶性盐分含量差异显著。从平均值角度看,各景观类型表层沉积物中0～30 cm层的盐分含量占0～60 cm层盐分含量的70％,即沉积物盐分垂直分布呈强表聚性。各景观类型的沉积物盐分含量均属于中等变异强度（30%<CV≤90%,中等变异性）。富盐沉积物中阴离子以SO2-4和Cl-为主,CO2-3和HCO-3含量甚微;阳离子以Na+、Ca2+和Mg2+为主。不同景观类型沉积物盐分含量平均值从高到低规律是:梭梭荒漠带＞无植被覆盖带＞胡杨林带＞芦苇荒漠带＞草本结合带＞乔本草本结合带。

关键词: 艾比湖, 干涸湖底, 景观类型, 富盐沉积物

Abstract:

Due to strong wind erosion, dry lake bed (playa) has become one of the main sources of saline-alkali dust storms in arid areas. In order to identify salt distribution characteristics under different landscapes in the dry lake-bed, salt contents in salt-rich sediments and their accumulation characteristics were studied using the methods of classical statistics under six different landscape types in the playa of Ebinur Lake, Xinjiang.The results showed that the soluble salt content of the sediments under different landscapes had significant differences. The average salt content of soil depth from 0 cm to 30 cm accounted for 70.3% of the entire soil (0-60 cm), that is, salt content showed strong vertical gradient. Salt content of sediments under the different landscapes had a moderate variation in the study area (CV=30%-90%, moderate variability). The average surface salt content in salt-rich sediments under different landscape types followed the order of Haloxylon ammodendron＞bare desert>Populus euphratica>Phragmites australis>herbs>other trees. Sulfates and chlorides are the major anions while sodium, magnesium and calcium are the main cat ions. The result will provide basic data and scientific references for wind erosion control of dry lake-bed and prevention of salt dust storms.

Key words: dry lake bed, landscape types, salt-rich sediments, Ebinur Lake

中图分类号:

S153.6

吉力力·阿不都外力1, 米热班·阿布里米提1,2, 刘东伟3, 葛拥晓1,4. 艾比湖干涸湖底不同景观类型下富盐沉积物盐分积聚特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2013, 33(5): 1426-1432.

Abuduwaili Jilili1, Abulimiti Mireban1,2, LIU Dong-wei3, GE Yong-xiao1,4. Characteristics of Salt Accumulation in Salt-rich Sediments under Different Landscapes in the Ebinur Lake Playa, Xinjiang, China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2013, 33(5): 1426-1432.

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