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中国沙漠 ›› 1988, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (2): 25-37.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔克拉玛干沙漠的流场特征与风沙活动强度的关系

凌裕泉   

  1. 中国科学院兰州沙漠研究所
  • 出版日期:1988-06-20 发布日期:1988-06-20

The Flow Field Characteristics and its Relation to the Intensity of Drifting Sand Activity in Taklimakan Desert

Ling Yuquan   

  1. Institute of Desert Research, Academia Sinica, Lanzhou
  • Online:1988-06-20 Published:1988-06-20

摘要: 近年来, 人们对于塔克拉玛干沙漠的风沙活动方向与活动强度, 以及由此而造成的沙漠化的严重程度争议较大, 特别是在沙漠的南缘和西南缘。本文利用沙漠周围气象站的风向和风速自记记录, 计算了最大可能输沙强度及其合成方向, 并结合该地区不同高度的高空流场资料, 对塔克拉玛干沙漠的风沙活动方向与活动强度进行分析研究, 结果表明: 最大可能输沙强度及其合成方向与沙丘移动方向和强度相当吻合。合成输沙强度的水平梯度是沙漠的形成、分布与演变的充分而必要的条件。特别是对高大复合型的沙丘的形成提供了有说服力的科学依据。

Abstract: Tn recent years, with rapid development in economic consturction in Xinjiang greater attention is going to be directed to desertification control in the region. However, there are many opinions concerning the intensity and" direction of drifting sand activity in the desert. The degree of serious-ness of the desertification process remains a controversial issue. Based on data about the wind direction and velocity automatically recorded at meteorolog ical stations which locate around the desert, the present dissertation aims at to give a quantitative analysis of the relationship between the characteristics of the flow fields and the wind-sand activity intensity in the Taklima-kan Desert, particularly in the southern edge and southwestern edge. By virtue of the wind direction and velocity automatically recorded at the meteorological stations on the edge of the desert it is possible to calculate the greatest possible sand transporting intensity and its resultant direction. It is also possible to identify the effect of the maiti body circulation on the distribution, shapes and activity intesity of the sand dunes and to reject the relatively weak effect of the local circulation. Calculations, in dicate the resultant sand transporting direction tallies with the average flow field, especially the flow field near the ground surface and dunes movement direction. The resultant sand transporting intensity, quite objectively and quantitatively, reflects the sand dune moving intensity. The horizontal gradient of resultant sand transporting intensity represents sand dune distribution. Especially for the formation of higher and larger compound dunes provides a convincing explanation. In the edge area of the desert, sand accumulation and wind erosion processes caused by activity of sand-driving wind are the dynamics of desertification process and evolution. They are also the signs of desertification taking place.