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中国沙漠 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 169-179.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2020.00069

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土壤熏蒸-微生物菌剂联用缓解兰州百合(Lilium davidii var. unicolor)连作障碍研究

张立彭1(), 师桂英1(), 史贵红1, 于彦琳1, 李谋强2, 苏国礼1, 贾喜霞1   

  1. 1.甘肃农业大学 园艺学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.临洮县龙门镇农技推广站,甘肃 临洮 730500
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-22 修回日期:2020-07-13 出版日期:2020-09-28 发布日期:2020-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 师桂英
  • 作者简介:师桂英(E-mail: shigy@gsau.edu.cn
    张立彭(1993—),男,甘肃通渭人,硕士研究生,主要从事蔬菜栽培生理及栽培技术研究。E-mail: 1527617372@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31860549);兰州市科技计划项目(2017-4-95)

Alleviating obstacles of continuous cropping in Lanzhou lily by soil fumigation combined with microbial fertilizer

Lipeng Zhang1(), Guiying Shi1(), Guihong Shi1, Yanlin Yu1, Mouqiang Li2, Guoli Su1, Xixia Jia1   

  1. 1.College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Longmen Town,Lintao County,Lintao 730500,Gausu,China
  • Received:2020-03-22 Revised:2020-07-13 Online:2020-09-28 Published:2020-09-28
  • Contact: Guiying Shi

摘要:

研究了连作栽培条件下,威百亩土壤熏蒸与微生物菌剂联用对兰州百合(Lilium davidii var. unicolor)生长及土壤生物理化性状的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,威百亩熏蒸处理对百合生长有抑制作用,显著降低了百合产量。微生物菌剂处理对百合生长有促进作用,显著提高了百合产量;部分土壤生物化学指标发生了显著变化,与对照相比,土壤真菌数量下降,细菌数量增加;土壤总孔隙度和绝对含水量增加;土壤碱解氮、速效钾、速效磷等可利用养分含量增加,pH下降。而威百亩熏蒸与微生物菌剂联用处理与对照相比,作用效果不显著,但与单纯熏蒸处理相比,植株生长指标、土壤细菌数量及土壤理化性状指标有一定改善。在西北寒旱生态区山地蔬菜春茬旱作栽培模式下,受低温及土壤含水量不足的影响,威百亩熏蒸容易对百合产生药害;土壤熏蒸和微生物菌剂联用不能缓解兰州百合连作障碍;而单独使用微生物菌剂处理可以缓解连作障碍,并且可以消减威百亩处理所产生的负作用。利用异硫氰酸甲酯及其产生前体棉隆及威百亩进行土壤熏蒸,由于异硫氰酸甲酯有可能降解或挥发不完全,易发生药害,应慎重使用。

关键词: 连作障碍, 威百亩, 有益微生物

Abstract:

This experiment studied the effect of metham sodium soil fumigation combined with microbial fertilizer on plant growth status of lanzhou lily (Lilium davidii var. unicolor)and soil bacterial and physic-chemical characters under the long term replanting in cold and arid climatic mountain areas in northwest China. The results showed that compared with CK, soil fumigation using metham sodium (SFM) significantly inhibited the lily growth and reduced the yield, while microorganism fertilizer (MF) treatment significantly promoted the lily growth and increased the yield. In MF treatment, compared with CK, some biochemical indicators significantly changed: soil fungal number decreased, while bacteria numbers, total soil porosity, water content, alkaline nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus increased, and soil pH decreased. Moreover, compared with CK, a combination of soil fumigation using metham sodium SFM and microorganism fertilizer (SFM+MF) treatment did not significantly affect the lily, but compared with SFM, plant growth indicators, soil bacterial and physic-chemical characters indicators improved. Thus, we concluded that in the vegetables cropping model where the vegetables are sowed in spring without irrigation in the this climatic areas, due to lower temperature and lower soil water content, metham sodium fumigation is likely to cause chemical damage to crops. Therefore, the combination soil fumigation using metham sodium and microorganism fertilizer could not alleviate the obstacles of vegetable continuous cropping. However, microbial fertilizer can effectively enhance the plant growth and alleviates the obstacles of continuous cropping, moreover, it can effectively reduce the negative effects of metham sodium fumigation; Meanwhile, Methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) and its precursors metham sodium and cotton vinegar, which might not decompose and volatile completely and be prone to make some chemical damage the crops, should be cautious in the usage of soil fumigation in this kind of vegetable cropping .model in this climatic areas.

Key words: continuous cropping obstacles, metham sodium, beneficial microorganisms

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