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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 188-200.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00172

• • 上一篇    

光伏立柱刷状草绳防掏蚀性能的风洞模拟

朱志昊1(), 屈建军1, 殷轶男2, 马世军3, 赵永胜2, 李青3, 申保收1, 肖建华4()   

  1. 1.西北大学 城市与环境学院,陕西 西安 710127
    2.内蒙古华电腾格里绿色能源有限公司巴彦浩特光伏分公司,内蒙古 阿拉善盟 750306
    3.中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司,北京 100024
    4.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-11 修回日期:2025-11-04 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 肖建华
  • 作者简介:朱志昊(1998—),男,宁夏石嘴山人,博士研究生,研究方向为风沙防治工程。E-mail: 1019731487@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国华电有限公司重点科技项目(CHDKJ23-04-01-61)

Wind tunnel simulation on anti-erosion performance of brush straw rope of photovoltaic column

Zhihao Zhu1(), Jianjun Qu1, Yinan Yin2, Shijun Ma3, Yongsheng Zhao2, Qing Li3, Baoshou Shen1, Jianhua Xiao4()   

  1. 1.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China
    2.Bayanhaote Photovoltaic Branch of Inner Mongolia Huadian Tengger Green Energy Co. ,Ltd. ,Alashan League 750306,Inner Mongolia,China
    3.Beijing Engineering Corporation Limited,Power China,Beijing 100024,China
    4.State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2025-09-11 Revised:2025-11-04 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-13
  • Contact: Jianhua Xiao

摘要:

在光伏电站实际建设中,光伏立柱周围存在掏蚀问题,严重危害光伏电站运营安全。为此我们将有着优秀固沙效果的刷状草绳应用于此,并设计3种防掏蚀模式(草绳分别缠绕1圈、2圈和3圈)。通过风洞模拟试验,对比空白立柱与3种防掏蚀模式的流场特征、风沙流结构和蚀积变化,筛选出1种防风固沙效果最好的模式。结果表明:(1) 空白立柱前缘底部(高度0~5 cm)出现加速区,导致基底掏蚀,经刷状草绳防护后,掏蚀现象得到减轻。不同模式后方均出现较大减速区和顺向涡流,3圈立柱减速区范围最大(8 m·s-1风速以下范围可达450 cm),气流分布最平缓,对风速减弱的综合效果最好。(2) 空白立柱在6、10、14 m·s-1风速下输沙量于不同高度大幅提升3.4~10.0倍,而3种防掏蚀模式输沙量较其显著下降83.9%~99.9%。空洞和空白立柱输沙量分布遵循指数衰减规律,而防掏蚀模式存在复杂的输沙量分布,部分情况下出现指数衰减-高斯分布的双段结构。(3) 在6 m·s-1风速下,空白立柱已出现掏蚀,且随着风速增大而严重。防掏蚀模式可减轻风蚀强度,其中3圈立柱模式防掏蚀效果最佳。3圈立柱模式有着优异的防风固沙效果,在光伏电站建设中推广与应用价值较高。

关键词: 光伏立柱, 刷状草绳, 防掏蚀模式, 风洞模拟试验

Abstract:

In practical photovoltaic (PV) power plant construction, erosion around foundation column poses a serious threat to operational safety. To address this, brush straw rope, which has demonstrated efficacy in sand fixation, was applied to the base of PV column using three protective configurations: one-loop, two-loop, and three-loop winding patterns. Wind tunnel simulations were conducted to compare flow field characteristics, wind-sand flow structure, and erosion-deposition patterns between bare column and the three protective setups, aiming to identify the most effective pattern for windbreak and sand fixation. The results indicate: (1) A high-speed zone occurred near the base (0-5 cm height) upstream of the bare column, resulting in erosion. All protective configurations reduced erosion by inducing extensive low-speed zones and downstream vortex flows. The three-loop winding pattern produced the largest deceleration zone (extending up to 450 cm downstream at wind speeds below 8 m·s-1), the smoothest airflow distribution, and the most effective overall wind speed reduction. (2) Under wind speeds of 6, 10, and 14 m·s-1, sediment flux densities for the bare column increased significantly by factors of 3.4 to 10.0 at certain heights, while all three protective patterns reduced sediment flux density by 83.9% to 99.9%. Sediment flux density profiles for both the empty tunnel and bare column followed an exponential decay model, whereas the protective patterns resulted in more complex distributions, in some cases exhibiting a two-segment structure combining exponential decay and Gaussian distribution. (3) Erosion was observed around the bare column at 6 m·s-1 and intensified with increasing wind speed. All protective patterns reduced wind-induced erosion, with the three-loop configuration providing the best anti-erosion performance. The three-loop straw rope winding pattern demonstrates superior windbreak and sand fixation effects, showing strong potential for widespread application in PV power plant construction.

Key words: photovoltaic column, brush straw rope, anti-erosion mode, wind tunnel simulation test

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