帕默尔干旱指数在天山北坡典型绿洲干旱特征分析中的适用性

刘卫国1; 2; 3; 王 曼1; 2; 丁俊祥1; 2; 吕光辉1; 2

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00034

中国沙漠 >

2013 , Vol. 33 >Issue 1: 249 - 257

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00034

天气与气候

帕默尔干旱指数在天山北坡典型绿洲干旱特征分析中的适用性

刘卫国1 ,
2 ,
3 ,
王曼1 ,
2 ,
丁俊祥1 ,
2 ,
吕光辉1 ,
2

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1.新疆大学资源与环境科学学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830046；
2.新疆大学新疆绿洲生态重点实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830046;
3.中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830002

收稿日期: 2012-06-15

修回日期: 2012-07-09

网络出版日期: 2013-01-20

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A Test on the Palmer Drought Index with the Data Collected in the Oasis in the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountain

LIU Wei-guo1 ,
2 ,
3 ,
WANG Man1 ,
2 ,
DING Jun-xiang1 ,
2 ,
L Guang-hui1 ,
2

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1.College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
2.Xinjiang Key Laborary of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China;
3.Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China

Received date: 2012-06-15

Revised date: 2012-07-09

Online published: 2013-01-20

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摘要

以天山北坡为实验区，采用2002—2008年精河、乌苏、石河子、蔡家湖4个气象站的气象数据，进行月的水分平衡及其各分量的多年平均值计算，然后计算各气候常数；基于气候常数计算气候适宜蒸散量、气候适宜补水、气候适宜径流量、气候适宜失水量，确定月正常气候所需的水量，即气候适宜降水量；进而计算水分距平，最终确定研究区的帕默尔干旱指数。对帕默尔干旱指数与本地的历史文献记录的实际干旱情况进行对比，验证了帕默尔干旱指数模式的可应用性，并得出了研究区内4站点的帕默尔干旱指数计算公式，根据该指数计算的结果与实际的旱情记录相符合。

关键词： 天山北坡; 绿洲; 帕默尔干旱指数; 干旱

本文引用格式

刘卫国1 , 2 , 3 , 王曼1 , 2 , 丁俊祥1 , 2 , 吕光辉1 , 2 . 帕默尔干旱指数在天山北坡典型绿洲干旱特征分析中的适用性[J]. 中国沙漠, 2013 , 33(1) : 249 -257 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00034

Abstract

With the meteorological data collected in Jinghe, Wusu, Shihezi and Caijiahu in the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains from 2002 to 2008, a study was carried out to calculate the monthly hydraulic equilibrium, the mean value of each component of the equilibrium, the climate constants, and the properly climatic evapotranspiration, water supply, runoff, water loss and precipitation were estimated in accordance to the climate constants. Finally, the water anomaly index was calculated and the Palmer drought index was formed. By comparing the Palmer index model with the historical records, the applicability of the Palmer model in the studied area was verified. A formula was concluded for forecasting the drought in Jinghe, Shihezi, Wusu and Cai Jiahu area.

Key words： the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains; oasis; Palmer drought severity ; index; drought

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