收稿日期: 2013-02-03
修回日期: 2013-04-12
网络出版日期: 2013-04-12
Carbon Sequestration Features of Grassland Vegetation-Soil System under Different Grazing Intensities
Received date: 2013-02-03
Revised date: 2013-04-12
Online published: 2013-04-12
放牧强度影响草原植被的固碳能力。本文以呼伦贝尔克鲁伦河流域的半干旱典型草原作为研究区域,开展不同放牧压力下异质性植被-土壤系统中碳截存的特征研究。研究发现:不同放牧梯度下,土壤有机质、地上生物量、地下生物量和土壤微生物生物量碳彼此之间呈一定的相关性。随着放牧强度的加剧及土层深度的加深,土壤碳截存量呈减少趋势。其中,土壤有机质的变化趋势与土壤碳截存量趋势相同;而土壤无机碳含量呈现逐渐增大的特征。过度放牧破坏了土壤的理化性质及土壤质量,加速了土壤有机质的损失。草原群落的根冠比也随着放牧强度的增大而增加。以土壤微生物生物量碳作为土壤固碳能力的指标,不同放牧强度下的草原群落土壤固碳能力为轻牧区>中牧区>重牧区。
张 雪1 , 乌云娜1 , 林 璐1 , 2 , 赵晨羽1 , 王雪婷1 , 白佳忆1 . 放牧梯度上草原植被土壤系统碳截存特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2013 , 33(6) : 1789 -1795 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00266
Grazing intensity influences carbon sequestration ability of grassland community. A research on carbon solid deposit characteristics of heterogeneous vegetation and soil system in different grazing intensities was conducted in the Hulunbeir grassland, Inner Mongolia. The results show that under grazing gradients, there was certain correlation among soil organic carbon matter, the ground biomass, underground biomass and soil microbial biomass carbon. With the increasing grazing stress and soil depth, carbon sequestration and soil organic matter reduced but soil inorganic carbon content gradually increased. In addition, the root-shoot ratio gradually increased. Affected by overgrazing, soil physical and chemical properties and soil quality became poor, thus these accelerated the loss of the soil organic matter. With the soil microbial biomass carbon as index of soil carbon sequestration degree, carbon sequestration capacity decreased with increase in grazing intensity.
[1]何念鹏,韩兴国,于贵瑞,等.内蒙古放牧草地土壤碳固持速率和潜力[J].生态学报,2012,32(3):844-851.
[2]Houghton R A.Changes in the storage of terrestrial carbon since 1850[M]//Lai R.Soils and Globle Change.Rocaraton,Florida:CRC Press,Inc,1995:45-65.
[3]张智才,闫玉春,邵振艳.草原植被-土壤的关系及对干扰响应差异研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2009,23(5):121-127.
[4]Arrouays D,Deslais W,Badeau V.The carbon content of topsoil and its geographical distribution in France[J].Soil Use and Management,2001,17:7-11.
[5]Priess J A,de Koning G H J,Veldkamp A.Assessment of interactions between land use change and carbon and nutrient fluxes in Ecuador[J].Agriculture,Ecosystem ＆ Environment,2001,85:269-279.
[6]赵世伟,卢璐,刘娜娜,等.子午岭林区生态系统转换对土壤有机碳特征的影响[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(5):1030-1035.
[7]李凌浩.土地利用变化对草原生态系统土壤碳贮量的影响[J].植物生态学报,1998,22(6):545-551.
[8]Han G D,Hao X Y,Zhao M L.Effect of grazing intensity on carbon and nitrogen in a meadow steppe in Inner Mongolia[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems ＆ Environment,2008,125(1/4):21-32．
[9]Li C L,Hao X Y,Zhao M L.Influence of historic sheep grazing on vegetation and soil properties of a Desert Steppe in Inner Mongolia[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems ＆ Environment,2008,128(1/2):109-116．
[10]Cui X Y,Wang Y F,Niu H S.Effect of long-term grazing on soil organic carbon content in semiarid steppes in Inner Mongolia[J].Ecological Research,2005,20(5):519-527.
[11]陈宝瑞,李海山,辛晓平,等.呼伦贝尔草原植物群落空间格局及其环境解释[J].生态学报,2010,30(5):1265-1271.
[12]王亮,牛克昌,杨元合,等.中国草地生物量地上-地下分配格局:基于个体水平的研究[J].中国科学:生命科学,2010,7(40):642-649.
[13]郑晓翾,赵家明,张玉刚,等.呼伦贝尔草原生物量变化及其与环境因子的关系[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(4):533-538.
[14]乌云娜,雒文涛,霍光伟,等.微生境尺度上放牧退化草原群落特征与土壤有机质的空间分异性[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(4):972-979.
[15]王明玖,马长升.两种方法估算草地载畜量的研究[J].中国草地,1994,5:19-22.
[16]郑阳.内蒙古克氏针茅典型草原生态系统放牧管理优化模式研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2010.
[17]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1999:99.
[18]林启美,吴玉光,刘焕龙.熏蒸法测定土壤微生物量碳的改进[J].生态学杂志,1999,18(2):63-66.
[19]Lal R,Kimble J,Follett R F.Pedospheric processes and the carbon cycle[C ]//Lal R,John M K,Ronald F F,et al.Soil Processes and the Carbon Cycle.Boca Raton,USA:CRC Press,1997:1-8.
[20]赵哈林,赵学勇,张铜会.中国北方农牧交错带沙漠化的成因、过程及防治对策[J].中国沙漠,2000,20(增刊):22-28.
[21]锡林图雅,徐柱,郑阳.草原地下生物量及地上净初级生产量的影响[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(3):26-29.
[22]Anderson D W,Coleman D C.The dynamics of organic matter in grassland soils[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,1985,40:211-216.
[23]Janzen H H,Campbell C A,Gregorich E G ,et al.Soil carbon dynamics in Canadian agroecosystems[C]//Lal R,John M K,Ronald F F,et al.Soil Processes and the Carbon Cycle.Boca Raton,USA:CRC Press,1997:57-80.
[24]Lal R,Follett R F,Kimble J,et al.Managing US cropland to sequester carbon in soil[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,1999,54(1):374-381.
[25]苏永中,赵哈林,赵学勇,等.不同退化沙地土壤碳的矿化潜力[J].生态学报,2004,24(2):372-378.
[26]张伟华,关世英,李跃进.不同放牧强度对草原土壤水、养分及其地上生物量的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2000,14(4):61-64.
[27]苏永中,赵哈林.土壤有机碳储量、影响因素及其环境效应的研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2002,22(3):220-228.
[28]Lal R.Carbon sequestration in drylands[J].Annals of Arid Zone,2000,39(1):1-10.
[29]王海荣,杨忠芳.土壤无机碳研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(35):21735-21739.
[30]潘根兴.中国干旱性地区土壤发生性碳酸盐及其在陆地系统碳转移上的意义[J].南京农业大学学报,1998,22:51-57.
[31]曾骏,郭天文,包兴国,等.长期施肥对土壤有机碳和无机碳的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2008,(2):11-14.
[32]汪诗平,李永宏,王艳芬,等.不同放牧率下冷蒿小禾草草原放牧演替规律与数量分析[J].草地学报,1998,6(4):299-305.
[33]卫智军,闫瑞瑞,运向军,等.放牧制度下荒漠草原主要植物生物量及能量分配研究[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(5):1124-1130.
[34]陈世璜.内蒙古草原区植被地下生物量的分布规律及其特点[J].内蒙古农牧学院学报,1992,13(1):3-9.
[35]胡曰利,吴晓芙.土壤微生物生物量作为土壤质量生物指标的研究[J].中南林学院学报,2002,22(3):51-53.
[36]高雪峰,武春燕,韩国栋,等.不同利用强度下草原土壤微生物的生物量和数量的动态研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(5):188-192.
[37]李春莉,赵萌莉,韩国栋,等.不同放牧压力下荒漠草原土壤有机碳特征及其与植被之间关系的研[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008,22(5):134-138.
[38]吕桂芬,吴永胜,李浩,等.荒漠草原不同退化阶段土壤微生物、土壤养分及酶活性的研究[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(1):104-109.
[39]Anten N P R,Martínez-Ramos M,Ackerly D D.Defoliation and growth in an understory palm:quantifying the contributions of compensatory responses[J].Ecology,2003,84:2905-2918.
[40]Gilbert M E,Ripley B S.Biomass reallocation and the mobilization of leaf resources support dune plant growth after sand burial[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2008,134:464-472.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
©2018中国沙漠 编辑部
地址: 兰州市天水中路8号 (730000)
电话：0931-8267545
Email：caiedit@lzb.ac.cn;desert@lzb.ac.cn
甘公网安备 62010202000688号