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  • CN 62-1070/P
  • ISSN 1000-694X
  • 双月刊 创刊于1981年
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生物与土壤

沙坡头地区地形对凝结水形成特征的影响

  • 潘颜霞 ,
  • 王新平 ,
  • 张亚峰 ,
  • 虎瑞
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  • 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 沙坡头沙漠试验研究站, 甘肃 兰州 730000
潘颜霞(1981- ),女,山东寿光人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事干旱区生态水文学研究。Email:panyanxia@gmail.com

收稿日期: 2012-07-18

  修回日期: 2012-09-18

  网络出版日期: 2014-01-20

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(41201085);中国科学院“百人计划”项目“固沙植被系统生态水文学研究”;中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所人才基金项目(Y184A21001)资助

Influence of Topography on Formation Characteristics of Hygroscopic and Condensate Water in Shapotou, Ningxia, China

  • Pan Yanxia ,
  • Wang Xinping ,
  • Zhang Yafeng ,
  • Hu Rui
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  • 1.Shapotou Desert Experimental Research Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received date: 2012-07-18

  Revised date: 2012-09-18

  Online published: 2014-01-20

摘要

以沙坡头地区经草方格沙障固定的典型流动沙丘作为研究对象,采用PVC管手动称重法和布板法(CPM—Cloth-Plate Method)对该区不同地形位置凝结水的形成特征进行了研究。结果表明:地形作用下凝结水的形成量和形成间期均表现为中等空间异质性;不同坡向凝结水形成量符合经典的水汽对流模型,丘间低地凝结水形成量最高,迎风坡凝结水形成量高于背风坡,具体表现为:丘间低地>西面向坡>北面向坡>丘顶>南面向坡>东面向坡;同一坡向不同坡位处凝结水形成量表现为:坡脚>坡中>坡顶;坡度与凝结水形成量呈负的线性相关关系,随着坡度的增加,凝结水形成量逐渐减少,垂直坡面上凝结水形成量仅为水平面的一半。这说明地形是影响干旱区凝结水形成特征的重要因子。

关键词: 凝结水; 高程; 坡度; 坡向; 坡位

本文引用格式

潘颜霞 , 王新平 , 张亚峰 , 虎瑞 . 沙坡头地区地形对凝结水形成特征的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2014 , 34(1) : 118 -124 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00189

Abstract

The formation characteristics of hygroscopic and condensate water for different topographic positions were observed using the PVC pipes manual weighing and CPM method in the typical mobile dunes fixed by straw checkerboard barriers in Shapotou, Ningxia, China. The results indicated that the formation amounts and duration of hygroscopic and condensate water showed moderate spatial heterogeneity at the influence of topography. The formation amounts of hygroscopic and condensate water at different aspects conformed to the classical convection model, in which the hygroscopic and condensate water amounts were the highest at hollow, and windward aspect got more water than leeward aspect, the hygroscopic and condensate water amounts at different aspects were expressed as: hollow>western-faced aspect>northern-faced aspect>hilltop>southern-faced aspect>eastern-faced aspect. The hygroscopic and condensate water amounts at different slope positions for every aspect were as follows: the foot of slope>middle slope>hilltop. A negatively linear correlation was got between slope angles and hygroscopic and condensate water amounts, hygroscopic and condensate water amounts decrease gradually along with the increase of slope angles, the amounts of hygroscopic and condensate water at the vertical aspect were only half of horizontal aspect, which indicated topography were important influence factors for the formation of the hygroscopic and condensate water in arid area.

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