高速铁路沿线短时大风预测对于保障列车的安全运行至关重要。运行列车振动频率与侧风频率相同时所形成的共振极端情况，极易造成列车倾覆事故。通过分析列车的振动模态与侧风频率，建立了侧风共振简化模型，并运用阻尼振动方法得出列车典型倾覆时间为10 s。通过建立铁路在山丘后方和在三座呈品字形分布的山丘之间两种标准模型，以跃阶函数表示风场来流的变化，用以考察模型对来流变化的响应和地形因素对预测的影响。结果显示：基于格子玻尔兹曼的多观测点的准三维预测方法能够反映流场在变化来流中的响应以及地形对流场的影响。这种方法可能是解决大风预测问题的有效途径，值得深入研究。
Short-term strong wind prediction is essential for the secure operation of high-speed trains. The overturning accidents can be easily caused when the vibration frequency of the running trains meets the frequency of crosswind, then with which a simplified model was established on the condition of resonance frequency. The results show that the typical overturning time for high-speed trains is 10 s. To investigate the model responses of the vibration of incoming flow and the topographic factors in prediction, two standard models (railway behind the mountain and railway located among three mountains) were established, in which the waveform function is used to simulate the wind. The simulation results show that the Lattice-Boltzmann simulation method could reflect the changes in the flow field along the high-speed railway accurately and could also reflect the influence of topographic factors on the prediction. So the method might be an effective way to solve the forecast of strong wind along the high-speed railway in the future, and its worthy further investigation.
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