利用CALIOP/CALIPSO以及OMI/Aura卫星资料,结合HYSPLIT后向轨迹模式,分析了2009、2010、2011年4月下旬西北3次沙尘暴过程中高空流场分布、沙尘气溶胶的垂直分布以及输送气流轨迹.蒙古气旋和冷锋是导致沙尘天气的主要系统,在对流层的中下层区域,沙尘气溶胶在混合型天气系统下主要分布在0～7 km,自西向东移动;在纯冷锋型天气系统下,沙尘气溶胶则主要分布在0～4 km,自西向东南移动;两种天气系统在发展最强烈时,沙尘气溶胶的垂直分布高度均在3 km以上,退偏振比为0.5左右,双波信号比为1.0以上;在沙尘天气减弱时,沙尘气溶胶的垂直分布高度在0～2 km,退偏振比为0.3,双波信号比为0.8左右.混合型天气沙尘气溶胶主要垂直分布高度为3～7 km,较纯冷锋型沙尘粒子高.
The vertical distribution and transmission paths of dust aerosol in three cases of sandstorms in late April in 2009, 2010 and 2011 were analyzed using a combination of satellite remote sensing data of CALIOP/CALIPSO and OMI/Aura, as well as a HYSPLIT trajectory model. The results show that the Mongolia cyclone and cold front were the main systems causing the dust events. In mixed weather system, dust aerosol were mainly distributed in 0-7 km, and moved from west to east; in the pure cold front weather system, they were mainly distributed in 0-4 km, moving from west to southeast. The dust particles were located above 3 km with depolarization ratio about 0.5 and color ratio about 1.0 or higher in the most intense development of two weather systems; In the weakened period of sandstorm dust aerosols located in 0-2 km, with depolarization ratio about 0.3 and color ratio about 0.8. In mixed weather, the vertical distribution of dust aerosol located in 3-7 km was higher by comparison with in pure cold front.
[1] 王式功,董光荣,陈惠忠.沙尘暴研究的进展[J].中国沙漠,2000,20(4):349-356.
[2] Huang J,Minnis P,Yi Y,et al.Summer dust aerosols detected from CALIPSO over the Tibetan Plateau[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34:L18805.
[3] 冯鑫媛,王式功,杨德保,等.近几年沙尘天气对中国北方环保重点城市可吸入颗粒物污染的影响[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(3):735-740.
[4] 宁海文,王式功,杜继稳.西安沙尘天气特征及其对空气质量的影响[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(6):886-890.
[5] 申莉莉.中国典型天气系统影响下沙尘传输特征分析[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2010.
[6] 申莉莉,盛立芳,陈静静.一次强沙尘暴过程中沙尘气溶胶空间分布的初步分析[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(6):1483-1490.
[7] Huang J,Minnis P,Chen B,et al.Long-range transport and vertical structure of Asian dust from CALIPSO and surface measurements during PACDEX[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2008,113:1-13.
[8] 郑有飞,刘贞,刘建军,等.中国北部一次沙尘过程中沙尘气溶胶的时空分布及输送特性[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(5):1440-1452.
[9] 王丽娟,赵琳娜,寿绍文,等.2009年4月北方一次强沙尘暴过程的特征分析和数值模拟[J].气象,2011,37(3):309-317.
[10] 赵庆云,张武,吕萍,等.河西走廊“2010.4.24”特强沙尘暴特征分析[J].高原气象,2012,31(3):688-696.
[11] 张志杰,赵艳丽,张华.2011年4月呼和浩特市一次沙尘天气的特征分析[J].内蒙古农业科技,2012,(3):95-97.
[12] 云静波.冷锋型和蒙古气旋型沙尘暴过程的对比研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2011.
[13] 贾佳.基于CALIPSO气溶胶产品LIDAR信号校正的海绵风速反演[D].山东青岛:中国海洋大学,2011.
[14] 王文彩.利用A_Train卫星资料研究PACDEX实验期间源区和沉降区沙尘云的微物理及辐射特性[D].兰州:兰州大学,2010.
[15] 陈磊.强沙尘暴成因及其热力动力结构研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2012.
[16] 贾璇,王文彩,陈勇航,等.华北地区沙尘气溶胶对云辐射强迫的影响[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(8):1009-1014.
[17] 陈勇航,毛晓琴,黄建平,等.一次强沙尘输送过程中气溶胶垂直分布特征研究[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(5):449-454.
甘公网安备 62010202000688号