咸水灌溉对黄河蜜瓜产量和品质的影响

黄翠华; 薛娴; 罗君; 彭飞; 王涛

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00164

中国沙漠 >

2015 , Vol. 35 >Issue 1: 72 - 80

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00164

中国地理学会沙漠分会2014年学术研讨会论文选

咸水灌溉对黄河蜜瓜产量和品质的影响

黄翠华 ,
薛娴 ,
罗君 ,
彭飞 ,
王涛

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1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

黄翠华(1978-),女,山东鄄城人,博士,主要从事沙漠与沙漠化研究.Email: hch@lzb.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2014-04-25

修回日期: 2014-06-30

网络出版日期: 2015-01-20

基金资助

国家自然科学基金青-科学基金项目(41301615);中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划西部博士项目(Y329951)

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Impact of Saline Water Irrigation on Fruit Yield and Quality of Melon (Cucumis melo cv. Huanghemi) in Northwest China

Huang Cuihua ,
Xue Xian ,
Luo Jun ,
Peng Fei ,
Wang Tao

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1. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received date: 2014-04-25

Revised date: 2014-06-30

Online published: 2015-01-20

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摘要

分析了不同矿化度(0.8 g·L^-1、2 g·L^-1和5 g·L^-1)灌溉水灌溉对黄河蜜瓜产量、作物抗性和果实品质的影响.结果表明:随着灌溉水矿化度的增加,作物耗水量逐渐降低,间苗后第49天之前耗水量明显降低,但随着高矿化度水持续使用,耗水量在定植后第49天有所增加;作物叶面积指数和叶面积持续时间不断降低;果实上市产量不断降低,但果实个数没有明显变化;收获指数不断增加;果实的可溶物总量明显增加;单个果实的种子数量明显增加;果实形状指数明显增加,灌溉水矿化度越高瓜形越接近球形.土壤电导率超过2.7 dS·m^-1时每增加单位土壤电导率作物总产量降低12.7%.

关键词： 叶面积指数; 黄河密瓜; 产量; 品质; 耐盐性

本文引用格式

黄翠华 , 薛娴 , 罗君 , 彭飞 , 王涛 . 咸水灌溉对黄河蜜瓜产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015 , 35(1) : 72 -80 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00164

Abstract

Melon plants (Cucumis melo cv. Huanghemi) was grown in an open field trial to investigate the effect of increased saline water concentration on yield, crop tolerance and fruit quality. Three saline water concentrations were evaluated: 0.8, 2 g·L^-1and 5 g·L^-1. The melon was irrigated by furrow irrigation. Total ETc decreased with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. The reduction in ETc was significant from day after thinning (DAT) 49 onwards and increased over time with continuous saline irrigation. Increased salinity significantly reduced the leaf area index (LAI) and leaf area duration (LAD). A reduction in marketable fruit yield resulted from the lower mean weight of fruits, while the small decrease in the number of fruits per plant was not significant. The harvest index (HI) significantly increased with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. Total soluble solids (TSS) increased significantly with increasing salinity of the irrigation water while no significant difference was observed in flesh hardness, despite the increasing trend with increasing salinity. As the irrigation water salinity rose, the number of seeds per fruit increased significantly while the unit weight decreased but not significantly. The fruit shape index (FSI) increased significantly with increasing salinity of the irrigation water, with the fruits tending to become spherical. The maximum mean seasonal electrical conductivity of the saturated soil paste EC without yield reduction (i.e., the salt tolerance threshold) was 2.7 dS·m^-1 for the marketable yield. Above the salt tolerance threshold, the total yield was reduced by 12.7% per unit increase of soil salinity.

Key words： leaf area index; melon; yield; fruit quality; salt tolerance

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