新疆策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带地表沙物质理化性质空间差异

毛东雷; 雷加强; 李生宇; 刘国军; 郑则浩; 薛杰

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00158

中国沙漠 >

2015 , Vol. 35 >Issue 1: 136 - 144

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00158

沙漠与沙漠化

新疆策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带地表沙物质理化性质空间差异

毛东雷 ,
雷加强 ,
李生宇 ,
刘国军 ,
郑则浩 ,
薛杰

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1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐830011;
2. 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830054;
3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
4. 新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 新疆策勒 848300

毛东雷(1975-),男,新疆石河子人,讲师,博士研究生,主要研究方向为风沙地貌及荒漠化防治.Email: donglei6325@sina.com

收稿日期: 2014-09-03

修回日期: 2014-10-30

网络出版日期: 2015-01-20

基金资助

新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(201130106-1);新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院地理学博士点支撑学科和新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室"新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室"基金项目(XJDX0909-2013-08)

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Spatial Differentiation of Physico-chemical Properties of Surface Sand Materials in the Oasis-Desert Ecotone in Cele, Xinjiang, China

Mao Donglei ,
Lei Jiaqiang ,
Li Shengyu ,
Liu Guojun ,
Zhang Zehao ,
Xue Jie

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1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
2. College of Geographical Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China;
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
4. Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang, Cele 848300, Xinjiang, China

Received date: 2014-09-03

Revised date: 2014-10-30

Online published: 2015-01-20

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摘要

植被盖度、地形等会对荒漠区风沙土壤理化性质产生影响.对策勒自流沙前沿沿主风向到绿洲边缘的柽柳沙堆顶部、流动沙丘顶部、裸露平沙地3种地貌部位表面沙物质理化性质分析,结果表明:流动沙丘顶部沙物质平均粒径3.47～2.6 Φ,明显粗于裸露平沙地和柽柳沙堆顶部沙粒,从流沙前沿到绿洲边缘沙物质有细化趋势,流沙前沿平沙地上沙粒平均粒径比绿洲边缘裸露平沙地沙粒平均粒径粗0.44 Φ;在空间上沙物质分选系数差异不大,分选性都为中等偏上-中等;平沙地和流动沙丘顶部沙粒偏度为-0.06～0.06,相对于平均值分布近对称.柽柳沙堆顶部沙粒偏度分布在0.05～0.25,大都属于极细偏;流动沙丘顶部和平沙地沙粒都表现为中等峰态,柽柳沙堆顶部沙粒大多表现为窄峰态.柽柳沙堆顶部大部分沙物质pH为酸性,其余地貌部位沙粒都表现为碱性,3种地貌单元含盐量与地形高低关系较密切.不同地貌部位地表沙物质总盐量表现为:柽柳沙堆顶部 > 裸露平沙地 > 流动沙丘顶部,流动沙丘顶部沙粒含盐量最少,越靠近绿洲柽柳沙堆顶部沙粒总盐量愈高.

关键词： 绿洲-沙漠过渡带; 沙物质; 理化性质; 空间差异; 策勒

本文引用格式

毛东雷 , 雷加强 , 李生宇 , 刘国军 , 郑则浩 , 薛杰 . 新疆策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带地表沙物质理化性质空间差异[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015 , 35(1) : 136 -144 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00158

Abstract

Topography and vegetation cover can influence physicochemical properties of aeolian soils in desert area. We made an analysis on physicochemical properties of sand materials on the surfaces of three aeolian landforms (the top of Tamarix nebkhas, the top mobile sand dunes, and the bare flat sandy land) from shifting sandy land to oasis along prevailing wind direction in Cele, Xinjiang, China. The results show that the range of mean grain size on the top of mobile sand dunes is between 2.6 Φ and 3.47 Φ, which is obviously coarser than on the surface of flat bare sandy land and Tamarix nebkhas. The sands trend to be finer from frontier shifting sandy land to the margin of oasis. The mean grain size of sand materials on frontier flat bare sandy land is 0.44 Φ coarser than that on fixed sandy land near oasis. The sorting of sand particles has no obvious differences in space. The skewness of sand particles on the surface of flat bare sandy land and on the top of mobile sand dunes is in the range from -0.06 to 0.06, which is symmetrical compared with average grain size. The skewness on the top of Tamarix nebkhas is in the range from 0.05 to 0.25, most of their skewness belongs to very fine skewed. The sand particles on the top of mobile sand dunes and flat bare sandy land show leptokurtic and sand particles on the top of Tamarix nebkhas show mesokurtic. Most of the pH of sand particles on the top of Tamarix nebkhas are sour, the rest of pH on other landforms are alkaline. The salt volumes have close relationship with aeolian landform. The total salt volumes in different landform units show that Tamarix nebkhas were more than flat bare sandy land and mobile sand dunes gradually, the salt volume on the top of mobile sand dunes are lowest. The total salt volumes become more and more with the decreased distance to oasis.

Key words： oasis-desert ecotone; sand materials; physicochemical property; spatial difference; Cele

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