陇中黄土高原垂直感热平流输送对LAS和EC观测感热通量差异的影响

郝小翠; 张强; 杨泽粟

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00156

中国沙漠 >

2015 , Vol. 35 >Issue 1: 211 - 219

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00156

天气与气候

陇中黄土高原垂直感热平流输送对LAS和EC观测感热通量差异的影响

郝小翠 ,
张强 ,
杨泽粟

展开

1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室, 甘肃兰州 730020;
2. 西北区域气候中心, 甘肃兰州730020;
3. 兰州大学大气科学学院, 甘肃兰州 730000

郝小翠(1987-),女,江苏南通人,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事边界层气象和陆面过程的研究.Email: hao_xiaocui@126.com

收稿日期: 2014-05-14

修回日期: 2014-10-23

网络出版日期: 2015-01-20

基金资助

国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB430206);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830957)

收起

Impact of Vertical Sensible Heat Advection on Differences between LAS and EC Measured Sensible Heat Flux over the Loess Plateau in Central Gansu, China

Hao Xiaocui ,
Zhang Qiang ,
Yang Zesu

Expand

1. Key laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province/Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA, Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China;
2. Northwest Regional Climate Center, Lanzhou 730020, China;
3. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received date: 2014-05-14

Revised date: 2014-10-23

Online published: 2015-01-20

Fold

摘要

利用"黄土高原陆面过程试验研究(LOPEX)"2010年6月定西站的陆面过程综合观测资料,以造成大孔径闪烁仪(LAS)和涡动相关仪(EC)测量感热通量的差异为切入点,从中尺度垂直感热平流输送过程入手,将垂直感热平流输送的贡献作为地表有效能量的一部分引入EC直接观测的感热通量,对比引入前后LAS和EC测量感热通量的差异大小.结果表明:黄土高原定西观测站近地层大气垂直方向主要表现为向上运动,峰值达到0.074 m·s^-1,为垂直感热平流输送提供了必要的动力条件.尤其该地区处在半干旱区,地表受太阳辐射加热比较显著,近地层温度梯度最大可达0.39 K·m^-1,为产生垂直感热平流提供了能量基础.加入垂直感热平流输送的贡献后,EC地表能量不闭合度的日均值由直接观测的0.30缩小到0.24.修正后,LAS和EC测量的感热通量拟合的线性趋势系数由直接观测时的1.258缩小到1.186,两者差异得以缩小.

关键词： 大孔径闪烁仪(LAS); 涡动相关仪(EC); 感热通量差异; EC地表能量不闭合度; 垂直感热平流输送

本文引用格式

郝小翠 , 张强 , 杨泽粟 . 陇中黄土高原垂直感热平流输送对LAS和EC观测感热通量差异的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015 , 35(1) : 211 -219 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00156

Abstract

Using the observation data of Experimental Study of Land Surface Processes in Chinese Loess Plateau (LOPEX) for the period of June, 2010 at Dingxi observation station, this article compared the differences between LAS and EC observed sensible heat flux by introducing the vertical sensible heat advection as an effective surface energy to sensible heat flux of EC observation. The results suggested that the mainly air movement at Dingxi observation station is upward with the max value of 0.074 m·s^-1, providing the necessary dynamic conditions for vertical advection. Furthermore, for the site locating at semi-arid areas, the surface is well heated by solar radiation, and that causes a large temperature gradient near surface with a max value of 0.39 K·m^-1, which provides the energy basis for generating vertical advection. When the contribution of vertical sensible heat advection is taken into consideration, the daily average surface energy unclosure of EC reduced from 0.30 to 0.24, and the linear fitting coefficient between LAS and EC measured sensible heat flux reduced from 1.258 to 1.186, which indicates that the differences between LAS and EC measured sensible heat flux could be reduced after the correction.

Key words： Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS); Eddy Covariance system (EC); difference of sensible heat flux; EC's surface energy unclosure; vertical sensible heat advection

参考文献

[1] 卢俐,刘绍民,孙敏章,等.大孔径闪烁仪研究区域地表通量的进展[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(9):932-938.
[2] 彭谷亮,蔡旭晖,刘绍民.大孔径闪烁仪湍流通量足迹模型的建立与应用[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(6):822-827.
[3] 马迪,吕世华,陈晋北,等.大孔径闪烁仪测量戈壁地区感热通量[J].高原气象,2010,29(1):56-62.
[4] 刘绍民,李小文,施生锦,等.大尺度地表水热通量的观测、分析与应用[J].地球科学进展,2010,25(11):1113-1127.
[5] Hoedjes J C B,Zuurbier R M,Watt C J.Large aperture scintillometerused overa homogeneous irrigated area,partly affected by regional advection[J].Boundary-Layer Meteorology,2002,105:99-117.
[6] 胡丽琴,吴蓉璋,方宗义.大孔径闪烁仪及其在地表能量平衡监测中的应用[J].应用气象学报,2003,14(2):197-205.
[7] 黄妙芬,刘绍民,朱启疆.LAS测定显热通量的影响因子分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2004,(4):133-138.
[8] Schüttemeyer D,Moene A F,Holtslag A A M,et al.Surface fluxes and characteristics ofdrying semi-arid terrain inwest Africa[J].Boundary-Layer Meteorology,2006,118:583-612.
[9] Meijninger W M L,Beyrich F,Lüdi A,etal.Scintillometer-based turbulent fluxes ofsensible and latentheatovera heterogeneous land surfacea contribution to LITFASS-2003[J].Boundary-LayerMeteorology,2006,121:89-110.
[10] Kohsiek W,Meijninger W M L,De Bruin H A R,et al.Saturation of the lager aperture scintillometer[J].Boundary-Layer Meteorology,2006,121:111-126.
[11] Hoedjes J C B,Chehbouni A,Ezzahar J,et al.Comparison of large aperture scintillometer and eddy covariance measurements:can thermal infrared data be used to capture footprint-induced differences?[J].Journal of Hydrometeorology,2007,8:144-159.
[12] Randow C V,Kruijt B,Holtslag A A M,et al.Exploring eddy-covariance and large-aperture scintillometer measurements in an Amazonian rain forest[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2008,148:680-690.
[13] Ezzahar J,Chehbouni A,Hoedjes J,et al.Combinings cintillometer measurements and an aggregation scheme to estimate are-a-averaged latent heat flux during the AMMA experiment[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009:375:217-226.
[14] 王维真,徐自为,刘绍民,等.黑河流域不同下垫面水热通量特征分析[J].地球科学进展,2009,24(7):714-723.
[15] 白洁,刘绍民,丁晓萍.海河流域不同下垫面上大孔径闪烁仪观测感热通量的时空特征分析[J].地球科学进展,2010,25(11):1187-1198.
[16] 张强,李宏宇.黄土高原地表能量不闭合度与垂直感热平流的关系[J].物理学报,2010,59:716-723.
[17] Finnigan J J,Clement R,Malhi Y,et al.A re-evaluation of long-term flux measurement techniques.Part I:Averaging and coordinate rotation[J].Boundary-Layer Meteorology,2003,107:1-48
[18] Caua D,Contini D,Donateo A,et al.Analysis of short-term closure of the surface energy balance above short vegetation[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2008,148:82-93
[19] 张强,李宏宇,赵建华.垂直感热平流输送和土壤热储存补偿对黄土高原地表能量平衡的修正[J].中国科学:地球科学,2012,42(1):42-51.
[20] 郝小翠,张强,岳平,等.黄土高原影响LAS观测感热通量的物理因素分析[J].高原气象,2014,33(4):957-966.
[21] 王胜,张强,王兴,等.黄土高原不同气候区裸地水、热特征对比[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(4):1166-1173.
[22] Foken T,Wichura B.Tools for quality assessment of surface-based flux measurements[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,1996,78:83-105.
[23] Andreas E L.Estimating C²ⁿ over snow and sea ice from meteorological data[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America,1988,5:481-495.
[24] Liu S M,Xu Z W,Zhu Z L,et al.Measurements of evapotranspiration from eddy-covariance systems and large aperture scintillometers in the Hai River Basin,China[J].Journal of Hydrology,2013,487:24-38.
[25] 胡隐樵,奇跃进,杨选利.河西戈壁小气候和热量平衡特征的初步分析[J].高原气象,1992,9:113-119.
[26] Pielke R A.Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling[M].New York,USA:Academic Press,1984:612.
[27] Stull R B.边界层气象导论[M].杨长新译.北京:气象出版社,1991:719-720.
[28] 李宏宇,张强,赵建华,等.黄土高原地表能量不平衡特征及其影响机制研究[J].高原气象,2010,29:1153-1162
[29] 黄洪峰.土壤·植物·大气相互作用原理及模拟研究[M].北京:气象出版社,1997:163-164
[30] 胡隐樵,左洪超.边界层湍流输送的若干问题和大气线性热力学[J].高原气象,2004,23(2):132-138.
[31] Wilson K,Allen G,Eva F,et al.Energy balance closure at flux net sites[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteor,2002,113:223-243.
[32] Sun J,Desjardins R,Mahrt L,et al.Transport of carbon dioxide,watervapor,and ozone by turbulence and local circulation[J].Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres,1998,103:25873-25885.
[33] Liu S M,Xu Z W,Wang W Z,et al.A comparison of eddy-covariance and large aperture scintillometer measurements with respect to the energy balance closure problem[J].Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2011,15:1291-1306.

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献