黑河流域下游盆地与周边地区的水力联系是当地生态建设的关键问题。巴丹吉林沙漠与黑河流域下游盆地存在长达180 km的交界线,由于水文地质调查程度低,其地下水的流场不清楚,黑河流域下游天然水均衡账本中存在不确定因素。针对这个问题,在已有水文地质调查基础上,开展了巴丹吉林沙漠区域尺度的水位调查和钻孔勘探,获得461个已知水位点和63个水位约束点,绘制出巴丹吉林沙漠浅层地下水一级近似等水位线图。结果表明:研究区地下水位具有东南高、西北低的特点,水力梯度0.6‰~4.0‰,沙漠东南部地区的湖泊对地下水流场具有扰动作用,但没有改变宏观的地下水流向;第四系松散砂层是巴丹吉林沙漠浅层地下水的主要含水层,根据现有钻孔和物探资料,第四系沉积物在沙漠腹地较厚、边缘较薄,覆盖厚度普遍超过100 m,联通了沙漠和黑河流域下游地区的地下水;巴丹吉林沙漠的地下水补给黑河下游的古日乃湖、额济纳旗平原和拐子湖地区,地下水侧向出境流量为(0.61~1.97)×10⁸ m³·a^-1,其中进入古日乃湖平原的流量达到(0.33~1.06)×10⁸ m³·a^-1。计算结果仍然受到一些不确定因素的影响。

The hydraulic connection between the lower sub-basin of the Heihe River Basin (HRB) and the surrounding area is a key problem for the local ecological construction project. The Badain Jaran Desert (BJD) has a 180-kilometer borderline with the HRB lower sub-basin, but its groundwater flow patterns are unclear due to lack of hydrogeology survey. It produces an uncertain item in the water budget of the HRB lower sub-basin. To solve the problem, groundwater level measuring and borehole exploring in BJD were carried out based on previous hydrogeological and geophysical survey data, the first-order approximate water table contours were drawn for shallow groundwater according to 461 known-points and 63 semi-known points. The results indicated that the ground water level in BJD features a decline trend from southeast to northwest with a hydraulic gradient 0.6‰-4.0‰. Lakes in the southeast area could disturb the local groundwater flow field but could not alter the macro-direction of groundwater flow. The Quaternary sands consist the main aquifer of shallow groundwater in the BJD, the total thickness of these sediments is generally larger than 100 m, thick in the central region and thin in the edge. It connects groundwater in the BJD and in the HRB lower sub-basin. The BJD groundwater recharges to the plain areas of the Gurinai Lake、Ejinaqi in the HRB lower sub-basin and the Guaizi Lake area, with a total runoff (0.61-1.97)×10⁸ m³·a^-1. Among the total runoff, there is (0.33-1.06)×10⁸ m³·a^-1 runoff is contributed to the Gurinai Lake Plain. The estimation results were still influenced by several uncertain factors.