甘肃省河东地区干旱遥感监测指数的对比和应用

王莺; 沙莎; 张雷

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00094

中国沙漠 >

2015 , Vol. 35 >Issue 4: 1006 - 1014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00094

天气与气候

甘肃省河东地区干旱遥感监测指数的对比和应用

王莺 ,
沙莎 ,
张雷

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1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730020;
2. 兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/草地农业科技学院, 甘肃兰州 730020

王莺(1984-),女,甘肃兰州人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事气候变化对农业生态的影响研究。Email: wangyn924@163.com

收稿日期: 2014-06-13

修回日期: 2014-07-17

网络出版日期: 2015-07-20

基金资助

甘肃省气象局气象科学技术研究项目(2014-14); 科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2011GB24160005);国家重大科学研究计划项目(2012CB955903);甘肃省气象局科研项目(2011-02);中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所博士科研启动项目(KYS2012BSKYO2)

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Comparison and Application of Drought Monitoring Remote Sensing Indices in the Hedong Area of Gansu, China

Wang Ying ,
Sha Sha ,
Zhang Lei

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1. Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA, Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou Univestity, Lanzhou 730020, China

Received date: 2014-06-13

Revised date: 2014-07-17

Online published: 2015-07-20

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摘要

干旱是影响甘肃省河东地区农业生产的主要气象灾害之一。如何在众多的干旱遥感监测指数中选择适宜的指数是干旱遥感监测工作面临的主要问题。利用研究区30个农业气象站观测的不同深度土壤相对湿度和对应的MODIS数据,分析了7种典型干旱遥感监测指数(AVI、NDWI、VCI、PDI、MPDI、VSWI和MEI)的构建原理和模拟结果,并选择适宜的干旱遥感监测指数对2006年甘肃省河东地区干旱情况的时空分布做了动态监测。结果表明:7种干旱遥感监测指数均能反映研究区土壤湿度的时空变化特征;各干旱遥感监测指数对土壤水分监测的最佳深度为20 cm,其次为10 cm。从相关系数来看,PDI、MPDI指数对春季,VSWI、NDWI指数对夏季的土壤相对湿度有较好的监测结果;MEI指数对秋季土壤相对湿度模拟效果较差,其余指数对秋季模拟效果均较好;根据各指数与20 cm处土壤相对湿度的相关系数,结合各指数的构成原理,春季选择PDI和MEI,夏季选择VSWI和NDWI,秋季选择PDI和MPDI,分别对2006年甘肃省河东地区干旱情况进行监测。通过考虑各等级出现的频率,同时兼顾土壤相对湿度,评定各指数干旱等级。监测结果显示,庆阳市北部连续出现春旱、春末夏初旱、伏旱和秋旱,陇中北部和庆阳市北部旱情严重。

关键词： 干旱遥感监测指数; 土壤湿度; 河东地区; 对比

本文引用格式

王莺 , 沙莎 , 张雷 . 甘肃省河东地区干旱遥感监测指数的对比和应用[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015 , 35(4) : 1006 -1014 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00094

Abstract

Drought is one of the major meteorological disasters which affect the agricultural production in the Hedong Area, Gansu, China. Various remote sensing indices of agriculture drought are proposed, but it is difficult to decide which one is more appropriate. Analysis on the construction principle and simulation results of seven remote sensing indices was made with the relative soil moisture and MODIS data in different depth from 30 agriculture meteorological stations in the studied area. Then the appropriate remote sensing indices were chosen to monitor the temporal and spatial distribution of drought in the area in 2006. The results showed that the seven remote sensing indices could reflect the spatiotemporal variation of soil moisture in the studied area. The best depth for monitoring soil moisture was 20 cm by the seven remote sensing indices, followed by 10 cm. A dynamic change of relative soil moisture during different seasons showed that monitoring effects of PDI and MPDI were good in spring, VSWI and NDWI were good in summer, and in addition to MEI, the other indexes were good in autumn. According to the correlation coefficients between the indexes and relative soil moisture, we selected PDI and MEI in spring, VSWI and NDWI in summer and PDI and MPDI in autumn to monitor the drought in Hedong Area in 2006. By considering the frequency of each drought grade and the relative soil moisture, we evaluated the drought grade for each indexes. Monitoring results showed that the drought occurred continuously in spring, late spring and early summer, midsummer, and autumn in the northern part of Qingyang. The continuous drought was very serious in the northern part of Longzhong and Qingyang.

Key words： drought monitoring remote sensing indexes; soil moisture; Hedong Area; comparison

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