调亏灌溉下番茄叶片气体交换日变化和光响应特性

张凯; 陈年来; 韩国君; 张正

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00075

中国沙漠 >

2015 , Vol. 35 >Issue 4: 923 - 929

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00075

生物与土壤

调亏灌溉下番茄叶片气体交换日变化和光响应特性

张凯 ,
陈年来 ,
韩国君 ,
张正

展开

甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院, 甘肃兰州 730070

张凯(1986-),男,山东济南人,博士研究生,主要从事作物生理生态方面研究。Email: bzxychxzk@163.com

收稿日期: 2014-03-24

修回日期: 2014-05-14

网络出版日期: 2015-07-20

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(31060072)

收起

Gas Exchange and Photosynthetic Response to Light in Tomato Leaf under Regulated Deficit Irrigation

Zhang Kai ,
Chen Nianlai ,
Han Guojun ,
Zhang Zheng

Expand

College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received date: 2014-03-24

Revised date: 2014-05-14

Online published: 2015-07-20

Fold

摘要

以原料番茄“里格尔87-5”为试验材料,设置正常灌水、轻度亏水和中度亏水3个水平,对水分亏缺条件下番茄果实膨大期光合作用日变化及光合速率对光强度的响应进行研究,以对原料番茄光合能力进行探讨并模拟适合亏水条件下光响应过程。结果表明:(1)轻度亏水条件下,番茄叶片气体交换特性与对照无显著差异,但中度亏水条件下净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率显著降低。(2)利用直角双曲线模型、非直角双曲线模型、指数函数模型和直角双曲线修正模型,对表观量子效率、最大净光合速率、暗呼吸速率、光饱和点、光补偿点进行模拟,4个模型对光响应曲线的拟合程度较高,但直角双曲线修正模型拟合结果与实测值最符合。(3)不同水分条件下的表观量子效率、最大净光合速率与光合速率日均值显著相关,而光合速率日均值与产量显著正相关;中度亏水造成光合速率日均值显著降低,最终影响了产量;轻度亏水下番茄能够维持正常光合作用,在不显著降低产量的同时实现节水目标。

关键词： 番茄; 水分亏缺; 光合日变化; 光

本文引用格式

张凯 , 陈年来 , 韩国君 , 张正 . 调亏灌溉下番茄叶片气体交换日变化和光响应特性[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015 , 35(4) : 923 -929 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00075

Abstract

The responses of photosynthetic diurnal variation and net photosynthetic rates of tomato (processing type, cv. Riegel 87-5) during fruit enlarging stage to light density under three irrigation levels were studied to evaluate tomato photosynthetic capability and models suitable for tomato photosynthesis simulation in water deficit condition. The results showed that: (1) the gas exchange characters of tomato leaves under slightly water stressed had no significant difference with the control, but the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conduction and evaporation rate decreased significantly under middle level water stress. (2) Four models of rectangular hyperbolic model, non-rectangular hyperbolic model, exponential model and modified rectangular hyperbolic model can all be used to simulate the apparent quantum yield, maximum net photosynthetic rate, dark respiration rate, light saturation and compensation points of tomato, but the modified rectangular hyperbolic model gave the best math fitting results compared with the measured values. (3) Under different water conditions, the apparent quantum yield (α), maximum net photosynthetic rate (P_nmax) were significantly positively related to the mean photosynthetic rate, and the mean photosynthetic rate was significantly and positively associated with fruit yield. The mean photosynthetic rate, and ultimately the fruit yield decreased under moderate water stress. While slightly deficit irrigation did not decrease fruit yield of processing tomato significantly and resulted in higher water use efficiency.

Key words： tomato; water deficit; diurnal variation of photosynthesis; light

参考文献

[1] 叶子飘.光响应模型在超级杂交稻组合-Ⅱ优明86中的应用[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(8):1323-1326.
[2] 李银坤,武雪萍,吴会军,等.水氮条件对温室黄瓜光合日变化及产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(S1):122-29.
[3] 贾宏涛,赵成义,盛钰,等.干旱地区紫花苜蓿光合日变化规律研究[J].草业科学,2009,26(7):56-60.
[4] 郎莹,张光灿,张征坤,等.不同土壤水分下山杏光合作用光响应过程及其模拟[J].生态学报,2011,31(16):4499-4508.
[5] Ye Z P.A new model for relationship between light intensity and the rate of photosynthesis in oryza sativa[J].Photosynthetica,2007,45(4):637-640.
[6] 叶子飘.光合作用对光和CO₂响应模型的研究进展[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(6):727-740.
[7] 胡志峰,邵景成.河西走廊加工番茄产业存在的问题及发展对策[J].甘肃农业科技,2008,2:40-42.
[8] 程国栋,肖洪浪,徐中民,等.中国西北内陆河水问题及其应对策略——以黑河流域为例[J].冰川冻土,2006,28(3):406-413.
[9] 蔡焕杰,康绍忠.作物调亏灌溉的适宜时间与调亏程度的研究[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(3):24-27.
[10] 赵丽雯,吉喜斌.基于FAO-56双作物系数法估算农田作物蒸腾和土壤蒸发研究——以西北干旱区黑河流域中游绿洲农田为例[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(19):4016-4026.
[11] Baly E C C.The kinetics of photosynthesis[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B (Biological Sciences),1935,117(804):218-239.
[12] Thornley J H M.Mathematical Models in Plant Physiology[M].London,UK:Academic Press,1976.
[13] Bassman J H,Zwier J C.Gas exchange characteristics of Populus trichocaarpa,Populus deltoids and Populus trichocarpa×Pdeltoids clones[J].Tree Physiology,1991,8(2):145-159.
[14] 王荣荣,夏江宝,杨吉华,等.贝壳砂生境干旱胁迫下杠柳叶片光合光响应模型比较[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(2):111-121.
[15] 张法伟,李英年,李红琴,等.青藏高原3种主要植被类型的表观量子效率和最大光合速率的比较[J].草业学报,2007,15(5):442-448.
[16] 谭念童,林琪,姜雯,等.限量灌溉对旱地小麦旗叶光合特性日变化和产量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(4):805-811.
[17] 李玉巧.加工番茄光合特性的研究[D].新疆石河子:石河子大学,2007.
[18] Farquhar G D,Sharkey T D.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1982,33:317-345.
[19] 卫晶晶,杨树华,郭宁,等.不同海拔来源宽刺蔷薇的光合日变化及其生理机制[J].园艺学报,2013,40(8):1509-1516.
[20] 赵丽英,邓西平,山仑.水分亏缺下作物补偿效应类型及机制研究概述[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(3):523-526.
[21] 郑睿,康绍忠,胡笑涛,等.水氮处理对荒漠绿洲区酿酒葡萄光合特性与产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(4):133-141.
[22] 郭自春,曾凡江,刘波,等.灌溉量对2种灌木光合特性和水分利用效率的影响[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(2):448-455.
[23] 黄红英,窦新永,孙蓓育,等.两种不同生态型麻疯树夏季光合特性的比较[J].生态学报,2009,29(6):2861-2867.
[24] 郭春燕,李晋川,岳建英,等.两种高质牧草不同生育期光合生理日变化及光响应特征[J].生态学报,2013,33(6):1751-1761.
[25] 李合生.现代植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002:131.
[26] 朱延姝,樊金娟,冯辉.弱光胁迫对不同生育期番茄光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,12:22.
[27] 刘力宁,满秀玲,唐中华,等.水分胁迫及遮光处理对沙漠植物约书亚树(Yucca brevifolia)幼苗光合特性的影响[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(3):758-764.
[28] 季俊杰,胡春梅,李浩宇,等.加工番茄高光效特性与其产量和品质的协调性研究[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(5):1020-1025.

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献