民勤绿洲荒漠梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)土壤水分特征

张晓艳; 褚建民; 孟平; 张天一; 高明远; 李得禄

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00051

中国沙漠 >

2015 , Vol. 35 >Issue 5: 1206 - 1216

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00051

生物与土壤

民勤绿洲荒漠梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)土壤水分特征

张晓艳 ,
褚建民 ,
孟平 ,
张天一 ,
高明远 ,
李得禄

展开

1. 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室, 北京 100091;
2. 中国科学院大气物理研究所边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100049;
3. 甘肃省治沙研究所民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 甘肃武威 733000

张晓艳(1986-),女,山东诸城人,博士研究生,主要从事生态系统结构与功能研究。Email: xyz20061434@163.com

收稿日期: 2014-12-29

修回日期: 2015-03-24

网络出版日期: 2015-09-20

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(31370707,31000322);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2014CB954204);中央基本科研业务费专项资金项目(200714)

收起

Characteristics of Soil Moisture in the Area Growing Haloxylon ammodendron in the Minqin Desert-Oasis Ectone

Zhang Xiaoyan ,
Chu Jianmin ,
Meng Ping ,
Zhang Tianyi ,
Gao Mingyuan ,
Li Delu

Expand

1. Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
2. LAPC, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. MinQin National Studies Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem, Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Wuwei 733000, Gansu, China

Received date: 2014-12-29

Revised date: 2015-03-24

Online published: 2015-09-20

Fold

摘要

利用时域反射仪(TDR)连续3个月监测了民勤绿洲荒漠区梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)土壤含水量(VSW)在不同月份晴、阴、雨天根幅区、非根幅区的空间动态变化,分析VSW与气象因子、树干液流的关系。结果表明:(1)日尺度下,晴天根幅区、非根幅区VSW日变化差值大于阴天。水平空间梯度,VSW最高日差值主要集中在茎基20、150 cm水平位点;垂直空间梯度,8月集中分布在浅土层,10月分布在深土层。晴、阴天VSW时间拐点存在较大差异,晴天VSW拐点频率高于阴天,但短时间内,晴、阴天对土壤水分影响程度较小。(2)降雨、雪时,20 cm水平位点出现“肥水”现象,因冠层截留、蒸发作用,150、250 cm水平位点VSW最低。(3)月尺度,根幅区,各月VSW水平变化趋势差异较大。8月20 cm位点VSW最低,而9、10月VSW随茎基由远及近依次增高。8 cm土层VSW水平变化规律不一致,而受植被根系影响,90 cm土层以下距茎基最近处VSW最高,但整体根幅区VSW略小于非根幅区。(4)根幅区,VSW与各外界因子相关程度依次为空气温度>空气湿度>降雨>净辐射>光合辐射。这为探究不同荒漠植被-土壤系统水分运移规律及其调控机理提供了一定的理论依据。

关键词： 荒漠区; 土壤水分; 气象因子; 时域反射仪

本文引用格式

张晓艳 , 褚建民 , 孟平 , 张天一 , 高明远 , 李得禄 . 民勤绿洲荒漠梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)土壤水分特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015 , 35(5) : 1206 -1216 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00051

Abstract

The temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture (VSM)was analyzed with the method of the time domain reflectometer (TDR) in an area dominated by Haloxylon ammodendron in the Minqin Desert-Oasis Ectone. The results showed that: From August to October, the range of soil volumetric moisture around roots in sunny days were larger than that in cloudy days. The higher soil water change areas were in the 20-cm or 150-cm level points in August and October. In vertical level, the areas of higher soil water change mainly distributed in shallow soil layer in August, while in deep soil layer in October. The month of VSW higher changes was October only in the area without roots. The soil moisture in different points existed a vital difference in the three months. There were differences in the time points of soil moisture change. When snowing, the rich water phenomenon was showed in the 20-cm level point, but the VSW of the 150-cm and 250-cm level points were the lowest because of the canopy interception and evaporation. The trends of VSW showed vitally difference in level and vertical gradient aspects respectively. For instance, the site of the lowest VSW was 20 cm in August, while the VSW gradually increased with a shorter distance to the stems in September and October. Totally, the VSW in root area was lower than area without root. In the root zone, average daily VSW was affected by environment factors in an order: air temperature>humidity of the air>rainfall>net radiation>photosynthetic radiation.

Key words： desert-oasis ectone; soil moisture; meteorological factors; the time domain reflectometer (TDR)

参考文献

[1] 张凯,冯起,吕永清,等.民勤绿洲荒漠土壤水分的空间分异研究[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(5):1149-1155.
[2] 初玉,杨慧玲,朱选伟,等.浑善达克沙地小叶锦鸡儿灌丛的空间异质性[J].生态学报,2005,25(12):3294-3330.
[3] 杨慧玲,曹志平,朱选伟,等.浑善达克沙地无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)空间分布格局[J].生态学报,2007(7):2765-2773.
[4] 李新荣,贾晓红.腾格里沙漠东南缘荒漠植被格局与土壤资源的关系[J].草地学报,2005,13(S1):37-43.
[5] 李学斌,马琳,杨新国,等.荒漠草原典型植物群落枯落物生态水文功能[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(5):834-838.
[6] 楚新正,马倩,马晓飞,等.梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)主根周围土壤特征[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(1):170-175.
[7] 常兆丰,赵明.民勤荒漠生态研究[M].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,2006.
[8] Sheng Y,Zheng W H,Pei K Q,et al.Population genetic structure of a dominant desert tree, Haloxylon ammodendron (Chenopodiaceae),in the Southeast Gurbantunggut Desert detected by RAPD and ISSR markers[J].Acta Botanica Sinica,2004,46(6):675-681.
[9] 褚建民.干旱区植物的水分选择性利用研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2008.
[10] 孙鹏飞,周宏飞,李彦,等.古尔班通古特沙漠原生梭梭树干液流及耗水量[J].生态学报,2010,30(24):6901-6909.
[11] 曹晓明,陈曦,王卷乐,等.古尔班通古特沙漠南缘非灌溉条件下梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)蒸腾耗水特征[J].干旱区地理,2013,36(2):292-302.
[12] 李从娟,雷加强,徐新文,等.树干径流对梭梭“肥岛”和“盐岛”效应的作用机制[J].生态学报,2012,32(15):4819-4826.
[13] 任雪,褚贵新,宋日权,等.准噶尔盆地南缘绿洲-荒漠过渡带梭梭“肥岛”效应特征[J].土壤通报,2010,41(1):100-104.
[14] 徐先英,孙保平,丁国栋,等.干旱荒漠区典型固沙灌木液流动态变化及其对环境因子的响应[J].生态学报,2008,28(3):895-905.
[15] Zheng C L, Wang Q.Water-use response to climate factors at whole tree and branch scale for a dominant desert species in central Asia[J].Ecohydrol,2014,7,56-63..
[16] Yang Q Y,Zhao W Z,Liu B.et al.Physiological responses of Haloxylon ammodendron to rainfall pulses in temperate desert regions,Northwestern China[J].Trees,2014,28(3):709-722.
[17] 陈书飞,何新林,汪宗飞,等.咸水滴灌条件下梭梭和柽柳的土壤水盐运移特征[J].中国农村水利水电,2010(11):61-65.
[18] 陈书飞.咸水灌溉对胡杨和梭梭水分生理生长及土壤水盐运移规律的研究[D].新疆石河子:石河子大学,2012.
[19] 韩永伟,王堃,张汝民,等.吉兰泰地区退化梭梭蒸腾生态生理学特性[J].草地学报,2002,10(1):40-44.
[20] 马海艳,龚家栋,王根绪,等.干旱区不同荒漠植被土壤水分的时空变化特征分析[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(06):235-238.
[21] Li J,Zhao C Y,Song Y J,et al.Spatial patterns of desert annuals in relation to shrub effects on soil moisture[J].Journal of Vegetation Science,2010,21(2):221-232.
[22] Granier A.Sap flow measurements in Douglas-fir tree trunks by means of a new thermal method[J].Annals of Forest Science,1987,44:1-14.
[23] 郑睿,康绍忠,佟玲,等.不同天气条件下荒漠绿洲区酿酒葡萄植株耗水规律[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(20):99-107.
[24] 康绍忠,梁银丽,蔡焕杰,等.旱区水-土-作物系及其最优调控原理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998:84-90.
[25] 王新平,李新荣,张景光.沙坡头人工植被固沙区天然降水的入渗和分配研究[J].中国沙漠,2002,22(6):534-540.
[26] 杨艳凤,周宏飞,徐利岗.古尔班通古特沙漠原生梭梭根区土壤水分变化特征[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(7):1711-1716.
[27] Li X Y,Liu L Y,Gao S Y,et al.Stem flow in three shrubs and its effect on soil water enhancement in semiarid loess region of China[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2008,148(10):1501-1507.
[28] 翟翠霞,马健,李彦.古尔班通古特沙漠风沙土土壤蒸发特征[J].干旱区地理,2007,30(6):805-811.

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献