樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)是科尔沁沙地广泛分布的一种具有显著经济和生态效益的树种。调查分析了降水和温度对樟子松人工林生长的影响。结果表明:25年龄樟子松人工林平均树高4.8 m,平均胸径7.81 cm,枯稍比可达16.87%。年生长高度对当年降水量的响应有1~2 a的滞后效应,年径生长量随着降水变化出现一定程度的波动,年累积降水量与累积径生长量之间存在显著的线性关系。当年高生长与当年、生长季及春季降水量显著负相关,与生长季气温显著正相关。累积径生长量与当年任一时段降水量均显著相关,与除春季之外的任一时段气温显著相关。气温是该区域樟子松生长的主要影响因素,生长季较高的气温有利于樟子松的高生长。
Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica (MP) is a widely distributed tree with significant economic and ecological benefits in the Horqin Sandy Land. In order to understand the effect of precipitation and air temperature on growth of MP plantation, a field survey of growth characteristics of MP was conducted in three 20 m×20 m plots in 2009, and the relationships between precipitation, air temperature and growth characteristics of MP were analyzed. The results showed that average height was 4.8 m, average diameter at breast height was 7.81 cm and the rate of dieback reached 16.87% for 25-years-old MP plantation. The response of annual height growth to the amount of precipitation in current year showed a lag effect of 1 to 2 years. The annual diameter increment varied with precipitation, and a significant linear relationship was detected in annual cumulative precipitation and cumulative diameter increment. The height growth during the year was significantly related to the precipitation of current year, growing season and Spring, as well as air temperature in growing season. Cumulative diameter increment was significantly correlated with the precipitation at any time of the year and air temperature, but not with air temperature in Spring. Air temperature is a main factor in influencing growth of MP in this region, and higher air temperature in growing season is conductive to height growth of MP.
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