沙坡头地区生物土壤结皮-土壤系统生长季氮矿化动态

虎瑞; 王新平; 潘颜霞; 张亚峰; 张浩; 陈宁

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00159

中国沙漠 >

2016 , Vol. 36 >Issue 1: 174 - 180

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00159

生物与土壤

沙坡头地区生物土壤结皮-土壤系统生长季氮矿化动态

虎瑞 ,
王新平 ,
潘颜霞 ,
张亚峰 ,
张浩 ,
陈宁

展开

中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠研究试验站, 甘肃兰州 730000

虎瑞(1984-)女,甘肃兰州人,博士研究生,主要从事土壤生态学研究。E-mail:hurui22831@163.com

收稿日期: 2014-08-05

修回日期: 2014-10-20

网络出版日期: 2016-01-20

基金资助

中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所青-人才成长基金项目;中国科学院"百人计划"项目;国家自然科学基金项目(31070415,41401341)

收起

Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Nitrogen Mineralization of Biological Soil Crusts and Soil System during Growing Season in Shapotou, Northern China

Hu Rui ,
Wang Xinping ,
Pan Yanxia ,
Zhang Yafeng ,
Zhang Hao ,
Chen Ning

Expand

Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received date: 2014-08-05

Revised date: 2014-10-20

Online published: 2016-01-20

Fold

摘要

以腾格里沙漠东南缘沙坡头天然植被区藻地衣混生结皮和无结皮土壤为对象,采用野外原状土柱封顶埋管法,研究土壤硝态氮、无机氮、净硝化速率和净氮矿化速率的季节动态特征。结果表明:藻地衣混生结皮和无结皮土壤有效氮含量和净氮转化速率存在明显的季节动态,表现为生长季高峰期 > 生长季初期,夏季7月和8月土壤有效氮和净氮转化速率最大;两个样地土壤在生长季不同时期有效氮和净氮转化速率也存在差异。生长季初期,藻地衣混生结皮和无结皮土壤硝态氮和无机氮含量无显著差异,且温度是影响土壤氮素转化的关键环境因子。生长季高峰期,两个样地土壤有效氮含量和净硝化速率均表现为无结皮 > 藻地衣混生结皮,且水分和温度分别是影响土壤氮硝化和矿化过程的关键环境因子。由此可见,藻地衣结皮的繁衍在一定程度上抑制了土壤氮的硝化过程,因而可以减少养分的散失,是养分贮存的重要机制。

关键词： 生物土壤结皮-土壤系统; 无机氮库; 净氮矿化速率

本文引用格式

虎瑞 , 王新平 , 潘颜霞 , 张亚峰 , 张浩 , 陈宁 . 沙坡头地区生物土壤结皮-土壤系统生长季氮矿化动态[J]. 中国沙漠, 2016 , 36(1) : 174 -180 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00159

Abstract

Seasonal variations of soil inorganic nitrogen pool and net transformation rates under cyanobacteria-lichen-covered soil and in the bare soil were observed by using close-top tube incubation method in a natural vegetation area of Shapotou, southeastern fringe of the Tengger Desert. Results showed that obvious seasonal dynamics were found in soil labile nitrogen pools and net nitrogen mineralization rate, in which the order were: peak growing season > early growing season. In addition, soil labile nitrogen content and net nitrogen transformation rates were highest in July and August; the soil labile nitrogen content and net nitrogen transformation rates were significantly different between cyanobacteria-lichen-covered soil and bare soil. In early growing season, no obvious differences were found between the two sample soils and soil transformation process was primarily controlled by temperature. In peak growing season, the regularity for soil labile nitrogen and net nitrification rate was bare soil > cyanobacteria-lichen-covered soil, furthermore, moisture and temperature are respectively key environmental factors that affected soil nitrification and mineralization process. Our results indicated that the existence of cyanobacteria-lichens seems to be able to reduce the N losses by inhibiting soil nitrification process and establish a mechanism of soil nutrient preservation.

Key words： biological soil crusts-soil system; inorganic nitrogen pool; net nitrogen mineralization rate

参考文献

[1] 陈伏生,曾德慧,何兴元.森林土壤氮素的转化与循环[J].生态学杂志,2004,23(5):126-133.
[2] 殷睿,徐振锋,吴福忠.川西亚高山不同海拔森林土壤活性氮库及净氮矿化的季节动态[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(12):3347-3353.
[3] Bruun S,Luxhoi J,Magid J,et al.A nitrogen mineralization model based on relationships for gross mineralization and immobilization[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2006,38:2712-2721.
[4] Luxhoi J,Bruun S,Stenberg B,et al.Prediction of gross and net N mineralization immobilization turnover from CO₂ production[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2006,70(4):1121-1128.
[5] Ross D S,Lawrence G B,Fredriksen G.Mineralization and nitrification patterns at eight northeastern USA forested research sites[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2004,188:317-335.
[6] Hatch D J,Jarvis S C,Parkinson R J,et al.Combining field incubation with nitrogen-15 labeling to examine nitrogen transformations in low to highintensity grass land management systems[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2000,30:492-499.
[7] Nadelhoffer K J,Giblin A E,Shaver G R,et al.Effects of temperature and substrate quality on element mineralization in six arctic soils[J].Ecology,1991,72:242-253.
[8] Schmidt I K,Jonasson S,Michelsen A.Mineralization and microbial immobilization of N and P in arctic soils in relation to season,temperature and nutrient amendment[J].Applied Soil Ecology,1999,11:147-160.
[9] Ehrenfeld J G,Han X G,Parsons W F J,et al.On the nature of environmental gradients:temporal and spatial variability of soils and vegetation in the New Jersey pinelands[J].Journal of Ecology,1997,85:785-798.
[10] Zhu W X,Carreiro M M.Temporal and spatial variations in nitrogen transformations in deciduous forest ecosystems along an urban rural gradient[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2004,36:267-278.
[11] 朱剑兴,王秋凤,何念鹏,等.内蒙古不同类型草地土壤氮矿化及其温度敏感性[J].生态学报,2013,33(19):6320-6327.
[12] Jackson M L.Soil Chemical Analysis[M].Englewood Cliffs,USA:Prentice-Hall,1958.
[13] 李检舟,沙丽清,王君,等.云南哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林土壤氮矿化季节变化[J].山地学报,2006,24(2):186-192.
[14] Sierra J.Temperature and soil moisture dependence of N mineralization in intact soil cores[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1997,29:1557-1563.
[15] Shan Y M,Chen D,Guan X X,et al.Seasonally dependent impacts of grazing on soil nitrogen mineralization and linkages to ecosystem functioning in Inner Mongolia grassland[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2011,43:1943-1954.
[16] Yao H Y,Bowman D,Shi W.Seasonal variations of soil microbial biomass and activity in warm- and cool-season turfgrass systems[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2011,43:1536-1543.
[17] 傅民杰,王传宽,王颖,等.4种温带森林土壤氮矿化与硝化时空格局[J].生态学报,2009,29(7):3747-3758.
[18] Steven B,Leveille R,Pollard W H,et al.Microbial ecology and biodiversity in permafrost[J].Extremophiles,2006,10:259-267.
[19] 傅高明.黑麦有机氮在土壤中矿化与淋洗的研究[J].土壤肥料,1996,3:1-6.
[20] Corre M D,Schnabel R R,Stout W L.Spatial and seasonal variation of gross nitrogen transformations and microbial biomass in a Northeastern US grassland[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2002,34:445-457.
[21] Yu S,Ehrenfeld J G.The effects of changes in soil moisture on nitrogen cycling in acid wetland types of the New Jersey Pinelands (USA)[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2009,41:2394-2405.
[22] Zhang X L,Wang Q B,Li L H,et al.Seasonal variations in nitrogen mineralization under three land use types in a grassland landscape[J].Acta Oecologica,2008,34:322-330.
[23] 虎瑞,王新平,张亚峰,等.温度对生物土壤结皮斑块土壤氮矿化作用的影响[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(2):522-528.
[24] Hu R,Wang X P,Pan Y X,et al.The response mechanisms of soil N mineralization under biological soil crusts to temperature and moisture in temperate desert regions[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2014,62:66-73.
[25] Liu Y M,Li X R,Xing Z S,et al.Responses of soil microbial biomass and community composition to biological soil crusts in the revegetated areas of the Tengger Desert[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2013,65:52-59.
[26] 李贵才,韩兴国,黄建辉.哀牢山木果柯林及其退化植被下土壤无机氮库的干季动态特征[J].植物生态学报,2004,46(2):194-201.
[27] 李玉强,赵哈林,李玉霖,等.科尔沁沙地不同生境土壤氮矿化/硝化作用研究[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(3):438-444.
[28] 王斌,陈亚明,周志宇.贺兰山西坡不同海拔梯度上土壤氮素矿化作用的研究[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(3):483-490.
[29] 苏波,韩兴国,渠春梅,等.东灵山油松纯林和油松-辽东栎针阔混交林土壤氮素矿化与硝化作用研究[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(2):195-203.
[30] Bremer E,Kuikman P.Influence of competition for nitrogen in soil on net mineralization of nitrogen[J].Plant and Soil,1997,190:119-126.
[31] Steltzer H,Bowman W D.Differential influence of plant species on soil N transformations within moist meadow alpine tundra[J].Ecosystems,1998,1:464-474.
[32] 刘永定.荒漠蓝藻环境生物学与生物土壤结皮固沙[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.
[33] Castillo-Monroy A P,Maestre F T,Delgado-Baquerizo M,et al.Biological soil crusts modulate nitrogen availability in semi-arid ecosystems:insights from a Mediterranean grassland[J].Plant and Soil,2010,333:21-34.
[34] Delgado-Baquerizo M,Castillo-Monroy A P,Maestre F T,et al.Plants and biological soil crusts modulate the dominance of N forms in a semi-arid grassland[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2010,42:376-378.

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献