img

官方微信

  • CN 62-1070/P
  • ISSN 1000-694X
  • 双月刊 创刊于1981年
高级检索
古气候与环境演变

黑河下游地区柽柳沙丘的气候与环境记录

  • 马健 ,
  • 何元庆 ,
  • 冯起 ,
  • 李盼盼 ,
  • 何则
展开
  • 1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730000;<2r>2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;<2r>3. 兰州大学 西部环境教育部重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000
马健(1990-),男,安徽阜阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区气候环境演变研究。Email:majian@lzb.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2015-06-15

  修回日期: 2015-10-12

  网络出版日期: 2016-03-20

基金资助

中国科学院知识创新群体项目(KZZD-EW-04-05-01);中国科学院国家外国专家局创新团队国际合作伙伴计划;冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主课题(SKLCS-ZZ-2012-01-02);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(41121001;41273010)

Climatic and Environmental Records in the Tamarix ramosissima Nebkha of Heihe River Downstream

  • Ma Jian ,
  • He Yuanqing ,
  • Feng Qi ,
  • Li Panpan ,
  • He Ze
Expand
  • 1. Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received date: 2015-06-15

  Revised date: 2015-10-12

  Online published: 2016-03-20

摘要

对黑河下游地区柽柳沙丘沉积剖面进行AMS14C定年及沉积物粒度和Hg含量的综合分析,探讨了该区域从18世纪中期到21世纪初的气候与环境变化。结果表明:沙丘沉积物以细沙为主,粒度频率分布曲线呈明显的单峰形态,反映了单一的风力沉积作用;>100 μm的粗颗粒含量变化很好地指示了该区域冬季风的强弱变化,并记录了小冰期末期以来气候转暖的过程以及现代暖期中两个相对寒冷时期——20世纪10-20年代和50-60年代。沙丘沉积物中Hg主要来源于人类的工业活动,剖面Hg含量存在3个峰值,分别对应18世纪末的西班牙美洲地区银矿开采、19世纪中后期的北美淘金热、二次世界大战及战后经济复苏。此外,剖面中有两个样品Hg含量异常升高,其原因可能是1815年和1883年印尼的两次大规模火山喷发而引起的全球Hg沉降增加。

本文引用格式

马健 , 何元庆 , 冯起 , 李盼盼 , 何则 . 黑河下游地区柽柳沙丘的气候与环境记录[J]. 中国沙漠, 2016 , 36(2) : 319 -326 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00222

Abstract

We discussed the climatic and environmental changes from the mid-18th century to the early 21st century in Heihe River downstream by dating the profile of Tamarix Ramosissima nebkha with AMS14C and analyzing the grain size and Hg concentration of its sediments. Fine sand is prevalent in nebkha sediments. And the unimodality of the distribution frequency curves suggest that the formation and development of nebkha is dominated by aeolian sedimentation. The content of coarse grains, which indicates the winter monsoon intensity, records the transition from Little Ice Age to modern global warming and two cold periods in the past 100 years: 1910s-1920s and 1950s-1960s. Then, mercury in nebkha sediments comes mainly from humanity's industrial actions. The range of Hg concentration of the profile has three peaks which respectively correspond with the silver mining Spanish America in late 18th century, the Gold Rush in mid-to-late 19th century, World War II and the post-war economic resurrection. Besides, Hg concentration are abnormal high in two samples, and it's connected with the increase of mercury deposition flux which caused by the volcanic eruption in 1815 and 1883.

参考文献

[1] 高前兆,李福兴.黑河流域水资源合理开发利用[M].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,1991.
[2] Yang X P,Ma N N,Dong J F,et al.Recharge to the inter-dune lakes and Holocene climatic changes in the Badain Jaran Desert,western China[J].Quaternary Research,2010,73(1):10-19.
[3] 肖生春,肖洪浪.近百年来人类活动对黑河流域水环境的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2004,18(3):57-62.
[4] 肖生春,肖洪浪.额济纳地区历史时期的农牧业变迁与人地关系演进[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(4):448-450.
[5] 龚家栋,程国栋,张小由,等.黑河下游额济纳地区的环境演变[J].地球科学进展,2002,17(4):491-496.
[6] 郎丽丽,王训明,哈斯,等.灌丛沙丘形成演化及环境指示意义研究的主要进展[J].地理学报,2012,67(11):1526-1536.
[7] Marston R A.Maneuver-caused wind erosion impacts,south central New Mexico[M]//Nickling W G.Aeolian Geomorphology.Boston,USA:Allen and Unwin,1986:273-290.
[8] Khalaf F I,Misak R,Al-Dousari A.Sedimentological and morphological characteristics of some nabkha deposits in the northern coastal plain of Kuwait,Arabia[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1995,29:267-292.
[9] Lancaster N.Paleoenvironmental implications of fixed dune systems in Southern Africa[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,1981,33(4):327-346.
[10] Kocurek G,Lancaster N.Aeolian system sediment state:theory and Mojave Desert Kelso dune field example[J].Sedimentology,1999,46(3):505-515.
[11] Weems S L,Monger H C.Banded vegetation-dune development during the Medieval Warm Period and 20th century,Chihuahuan Desert,New Mexico,USA[J].Ecological Society of America,2012,3(3):1-16.
[12] Wang X M,Zhang C X,Zhang J W,et al.Nebkha formation:implications for reconstructing environmental changes over the past several centuries in the Ala Shan Plateau,China[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2010,297:697-706.
[13] Forman S L,Pierson J.Formation of linear and parabolic dunes on the eastern Snake River Plain,Idaho in the nineteenth century[J].Geomorphology,2003,56:189-200.
[14] Ballarini M,Wallinga J,Murray A S,et al.Optical dating of young coastal dunes on a decadal time scale[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2003,22:1011-1017.
[15] Bailey S D,Wintle A G,Duller G A T,et al.Sand deposition during the last millennium at Aberffraw,Anglesey,North Wales as determined by OSL dating of quartz[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2001,20:701-704.
[16] 夏训诚,赵元杰,王富葆,等.罗布泊地区红柳沙包年层的环境意义探讨[J].科学通报,2005,50(19):2176-2177.
[17] Wang X M,Xiao H L,Li J C,et al.Nebkha development and its relationship to environmental change in the Alaxa Plateau,China[J].Environmental Geology,2008,56:359-365.
[18] 赵元杰,夏训诚,王富葆,等.罗布泊地区红柳沙包纹层沙粒度特征与环境指示意义[J].干旱区地理,2007,30(6):791-796.
[19] 赵元杰,宋艳,夏训诚,等.近150 年来罗布泊红柳沙包沉积纹层沙物质粒度特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2009,23(12):103-107.
[20] Lang L L,Wang X M,Hua T,et al.Moisture availability over the past five centuries indicated by carbon isotopes of Tamarix taklamakanensis leaves in a nebkha profile in the Central Taklimakan Desert,NW China[J].Aeolian Research,2013,11:101-108.
[21] 赵元杰,李雪峰.罗布泊红柳沙包沉积纹层有机碳氮含量与气候变化[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(4):149-154.
[22] Wang X M,Wang T,Dong Z B,et al.Nebkha development and its significance to wind erosion and land degradation in semi-arid northern China[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2006,65:129-141.
[23] Pye K.Aeolian Dust and Dust Deposits[M].London,UK:Academic Press,1987:1-256.
[24] 鹿化煜,安芷生.黄土高原黄土粒度组成的古气候意义[J].中国科学(D辑),1991,28(3):278-283.
[25] Bronger A,Heinkele T.Mineralogical and clay mineralogical aspects of loess research[J].Quaternary International,1990,7:37-53.
[26] 孙东怀,鹿化煜,David Rea,等.中国黄土粒度的双峰分布及其古气候意义[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):327-335.
[27] 卢连战,史正涛.沉积物粒度参数内涵及计算方法的解析[J].环境科学与管理,2010,35(6):54-60.
[28] 杜建会,严平,董玉祥.干旱地区灌丛沙堆研究现状与展望[J].2010,65(3):339-350.
[29] 武胜利,李志忠,惠军,等.灌丛沙堆表面压力分布特征的实验研究[J].干旱区地理,2006,29(6):790-796.
[30] Yang X P,Scuderi L,Liu T,et al.Formation of the highest sand dunes on Earth[J].Geomorphology,2011,135:108-116.
[31] Yang X P,Li H W,Arthur C.Large-scale controls on the development of sand seas in northern China[J].Quaternary International,2012,250:74-83.
[32] Kuriyama Y,Mochizuki N,Nakashima T.Influence of vegetation on aeolian sand transport rate from a backshore to foredune at Hasaki,Japan[J].Sedimentology,2005,52:1123-1132.
[33] Trasande L,Landrigan P J,Schechter C.Public health and economic consequences of methyl mercury toxicity to the developing brain[J].Environmental Health Perspectives,2005,113(5):590-596.
[34] 冯新斌,仇广乐,付学吾,等.环境汞污染[J].化学进展,2009,21:436-457.
[35] Sun L G,Yin X B,Liu X D,et al.A 2000-year record of mercury and ancient civilizations in seal hairs from King George Island,West Antarctica[J].Science of the Total Environment,2006,368(1):236-247.
[36] Pyle D M,Mather T A.The importance of volcanic emissions for the global atmospheric mercury cycle[J].Atmospheric Environment,2003,37:5115-5124.
[37] Gustin M S.Are mercury emissions from geologic sources significant?A status report[J].Science of the Total Environment,2003,304(1):153-167.
[38] Gbor P K,Wen D,Meng F,et al.Modeling of mercury emission,transport and deposition in North America[J].Atmospheric Environment,2007,41(6):1135-1149.
[39] Outridge P M,Stern G A,Hamilton P B,et al.Trace metal profiles in the varved sediment of an Arctic lake[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2005,69(20):4881-4894.
[40] Schuster P F,Krabbenhoft D P,Naftz D L,et al.Atmospheric mercury deposition during the last 270 years:A glacial ice core record of natural and anthropogenic sources[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2002,36(11):2303-2310.
[41] 文雪琴,迟清华.中国汞的地球化学空间分布特征[J].地球化学,2007,36(6):621-627.
[42] Pyle D M,Mather T A.The importance of volcanic emission for the global atmospheric mercury cycle[J].Atmospheric Environment,2003,37:5115-5124.
[43] Hylander L D,Meili M.500 years of mercury production:global annual inventory by region until 2000 and associated emissions[J].Science of the Total Environment,2003,304:13-27.
[44] Berg T F,Steinnes E.Atmospheric mercury in Norway:Contributions from different sources[J].Science of the Total Environment,2006,368(1):3-9.
[45] Bethell L.Mining in colonial Spanish America[M]//Bethell L.The Cambridge History of Latin America. Cambridge,UK:Cambridge University Press,1984:105-151.
[46] Nriagu J O.Mercury pollution from the past mining of gold and silver in the Americas[J].Science of the Total Environment,1994,149:167-181.
文章导航

/