The large volume and complex morphology of star dunes lead to difficulties in field observations of aeolian processes over their dune sides, and thus few studies of wind-blown sand over the star dune has been conducted. This paper focused on characteristics of aeolian sand flux profiles over the windward slopes of a star dune in north of the Crescent Moon Spring during westerly winds through a newly-developed sand trap, including 8 runs with duration 18-95 min and average wind speeds of 7.46-14.15 m.s-1 at height of 2 m. Results revealed that sand flux profiles over the windward slopes of the star dune were similar to those over the flat sandy surface in the same area, that is, sand transport rates decreased exponentially with the increase of height. Sand transport over the star dune slopes was concentrated on the height of 20-30 cm. The characteristic values of the sand flux profile (λ) was mainly larger than 1,and increased with the average wind speed at the height of 2 m, so star slopes were eroded. The transported sands in the wind-blown sand were mainly composed of fine sands, and fine sands were transported to the area near the dune top, where deposited sands were mainly composed of fine sands.
[1] 朱震达,吴正.中国沙漠概论[M].北京:科学出版社,1980.
[2] Fryberger S,Goudie A S.Arid geomorphology[J].Progress in Physical Geography,1981,5(3):420-428.
[3] Cooke R U,Warren A.Geomorphology in Deserts[M].London,UK:Batsford,1973.
[4] Wilson I G.Aeolian bedforms-their development and origins[J].Sedimentology,1972,19(3/4):173-210.
[5] 哈斯.腾格里沙漠东南缘沙丘表面风沙流结构变异的初步研究[J].科学通报,2004,49(11):1099-1104.
[6] 韩致文,缑倩倩,杜鹤强,等.新月形沙丘表面100 cm高度内风沙流输沙量垂直分布函数分段拟合[J].地理科学,2012,32(7):892-897.
[7] 张正偲,董治宝.腾格里沙漠东南部野外风沙流观测[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(4):973-980.
[8] 刘芳,郝玉光,辛智鸣,等.乌兰布和沙漠东北缘地表风沙流结构特征[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(5):1200-1207.
[9] Tsoar H.Dynamic processes acting on a longitudinal (seif) dune[J].Sedimentology,2006,30(4):567-578.
[10] Livingstone I.Monitoring surface change on a Namib linear dune[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,1989,14(4):317-332.
[11] 王训明,董治宝,屈建军,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠简单线形沙丘形态动力学过程研究[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(3):257-262.
[12] 郭洪旭,王雪芹,盖世广,等.古尔班通古特沙漠腹地半固定沙垄顶部风沙运动规律[J].干旱区地理,2010,33(6):954-961.
[13] Nielson J,Kocurek G.Surface processes,deposits,and development of star dunes:dumont dune field,California[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1987,99(2):177-186.
[14] Lancaster N.Star dunes[J].Progress in Physical Geography,1989,13(1):67-91.
[15] Wang T,Zhang W M,Dong Z B,et al.The dynamic characteristics and migration of a pyramid dune[J].Sedimentology,2005,52(3):429-440.
[16] 王涛.巴丹吉林沙漠形成演变的若干问题[J].中国沙漠,1990,10(1):29-40.
[17] Zhang W M,Qu J J,Tan L H,et al.Environmental dynamics of a star dune[J].Geomorphology,2016,273:28-38.
[18] 张伟民.金字塔沙山粒度变化及表面过程的初步研究[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(6):1615-1621.
[19] Watson A.Grain-size variations on a longitudinal dune and a barchan dune[J].Sedimentary Geology,1986,46(1/2):49-66.
[20] Thomas D S G.The nature and depositional setting of arid and semi-arid Kalahari sediments,southern Africa[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1988,14(1):17-26.
[21] Fryberger S G.Dune forms and wind regime[M]//McKee E D.A Study of Global Sand Seas.USGS Professional Paper,1979:137-169.
[22] Zhang W M,Tan L H,Zhang G B,et al.Aeolian processes over gravel beds:Field wind tunnel simulation and its application atop the Mogao Grottoes,China[J].Aeolian Research,2014,15:335-344.
[23] Tan L H,Zhang W M,Qu J J,et al.Aeolian sediment transport over gobi:field studies atop the Mogao Grottoes,China[J].Aeolian Research,2016,21:53-60.
[24] Blott S J,Pye K.GRADISTAT:a grain size distribution and statistics package for the analysis of unconsolidated sediments[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2001,26(11):1237-1248.
[25] Han Q J,Qu J J,Dong Z B,et al.Air density effects on aeolian sand movement:Implications for sediment transport and sand control in regions with extreme altitudes or temperatures[J].Sedimentology,2015,62(4):1024-1038.
[26] 吴正.风沙地貌与治沙工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:61-70.
[27] Bagnold R A.The Physics of Wind Blown Sand and Desert Dunes[M].London,UK:Methuen,1941.
[28] 韩致文,董治宝,王涛,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠风沙运动若干特征观测研究[J].中国科学,2003,33(3):255-263.
[29] 兹纳门斯基.沙地风蚀过程的实验研究和沙堆防止问题[M].北京:科学出版社,1960.
[30] 丁国栋.野外风沙流结构的定量研究[J].内蒙古林业科技,1994(4):38-40.
[31] 马世威.风沙流结构的研究[J].中国沙漠,1988,8(3):8-22.
[32] Dong Z B,Liu X P,Wang H T,et al.The flux profile of a blowing sand cloud:a wind tunnel investigation[J].Geomorphology,2003,49(3/4):219-230.
[33] 张正偲,董治宝.人工卵石床面风沙流粒度特征[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(3):639-644.
[34] 包岩峰,丁国栋,吴斌,等.毛乌素沙地风沙流结构的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(2):118-123.
[35] 周颖,曹月娥,杨建军,等.古尔班通古特沙漠东缘风沙流结构特征[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(3):78-83.
[36] Chen W N,Yang Z T,Dong Z B.Vertical distribution of grain-size parameters of drifting particles during sand storms in the Taklamakan Desert,Central Asia[J].Physical Geography,1995,16(6):503-523.
[37] Arens S M,van Boxel J H,Abuodha J O Z.Changes in grain size of sand in transport over a foredune[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2002,27(11):1163-1175.
[38] Folk R L,Ward W C.Brazos River bar:A study in the significance of grain size parameters[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1957,27(1):3-26.
甘公网安备 62010202000688号