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  • CN 62-1070/P
  • ISSN 1000-694X
  • 双月刊 创刊于1981年
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沙漠与沙漠化

防护林疏透度对近地层大气降尘的影响——以新疆策勒为例

  • 徐立帅 ,
  • 穆桂金 ,
  • 孙琳 ,
  • 任晓 ,
  • 周杰
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  • 1. 山西农业大学 资源环境学院, 山西 太谷 030801;
    2. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
徐立帅(1987-),男,山东即墨人,博士研究生,研究方向为干旱区环境演变。E-mail:sdytxu@126.com

收稿日期: 2015-08-18

  修回日期: 2015-10-08

  网络出版日期: 2017-01-20

基金资助

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31100144);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2014M552523);新疆维吾尔自治区优秀博士后研究人员特别资助项目

Effect of Shelterbelt on Dust Deposition at Surface Layer: A case study in Cele, Xinjiang, China

  • Xu Lishuai ,
  • Mu Guijin ,
  • Sun Lin ,
  • Ren Xiao ,
  • Zhou Jie
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  • 1. College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China;
    2. Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received date: 2015-08-18

  Revised date: 2015-10-08

  Online published: 2017-01-20

摘要

防护林在削弱风速、减少风蚀的同时又可以影响近地层的大气降尘。为探讨防护林疏透度(β)对大气降尘的影响,对新疆杨防护林庇护区0.5 m和3 m高度降尘进行野外观测,并分析了两个高度降尘量空间分布。结果表明:β大于0.47时,防护林对降尘空间分布没有明显影响,0.5 m高度降尘量大于3 m高度,且林后3 m高度降尘量比较平稳,而林后0.5 m高度降尘量出现较大波动;β从0.47下降到0.2时,防护林可以明显影响林后降尘,两个高度降尘量变化趋势相似且平均降尘量差距减小;此段时间,林后两个高度均出现高降尘区,且0.5 m高度的高降尘区滞后于3 m高度。防护林在中等疏透度时(0.2~0.47)可以明显影响林后水平和垂直方向大气降尘,导致林后出现高降尘区,并促进3 m高度降尘,减小两个高度降尘量的差距。因此,应避免将易受降尘危害的作物种植在林后高降尘区。

关键词: 防护林; 降尘; 疏透度; 策勒

本文引用格式

徐立帅 , 穆桂金 , 孙琳 , 任晓 , 周杰 . 防护林疏透度对近地层大气降尘的影响——以新疆策勒为例[J]. 中国沙漠, 2017 , 37(1) : 57 -64 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00234

Abstract

Shelterbelt had important effect not only on wind erosion but also on the dust deposition at surface layer. To identify the effect of shelterbelt with different porosity (β) on dust deposition, the dust samples at 0.5 m and 3 m height around Populus alba shelterbelt were collected. Results indicated that β was the key factor to control the dust deposition. When β>0.47, the shelterbelt had no significant effect on dust deposition, and the deposition rates at 0.5 m height were higher than 3 m. The variation of deposition at 0.5 m height was considerable but relative steady at 3 m height. When β decreased from 0.47 to 0.2, the shelterbelt had significant effect on dust deposition, and the two heights had similar dust deposition pattern, and the deposition gap between two heights had decreased. Besides. There were high dustfall zones at the leeward of shelterbelt at both the two heights, but the high dustfall zone at 0.5 m height lagged behind the 3 m height. In conclusion, the shelterbelt with medium porosity (0.2-0.47) can affect the horizontal and vertical distribution of dust deposition, resulting in the leeward of shelterbelt had a high dust deposition zone. The shelterbelt can enhance the dust deposition at 3 m height to reduce the dustfall gap between 0.5 m and 3 m. In view of the high dustfall zone at the leeward of the shelterbelt, the dust-vulnerable plants (e.g. cotton, winter wheat) should be planted far away from the near-leeward of the shelterbelt.

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