为了解风沙流短暂吹袭对樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)幼苗光合蒸腾特性的影响,2013年6月在科尔沁沙地测定了0(CK)、6、9、12、15 m·s-1和18 m·s-1等6个梯度风速10 min风沙流(风沙流强度分别为0.00、1.00、28.30、63.28、111.82、172.93 g·cm-1·min-1)短暂吹袭下樟子松幼苗光合蒸腾速率和水分利用效率等指标的变化。结果表明:(1)短暂的风沙流吹袭对樟子松幼苗蒸腾速率和胞间CO2浓度的日变化规律影响较小,但可改变其光合速率和气孔导度的日变化规律;(2)15 m·s-1和18 m·s-1的强风沙流吹袭可导致其日最大光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度大幅度下降,和CK相比下降幅度分别为22.30%和21.98%、22.87%和22.31%、24.28%和17.45%;(3)短暂的风沙流吹袭可导致其日均光合速率显著降低,日均蒸腾速率和气孔导度波动式下降,日均胞间CO2浓度波动式增加,和CK相比,15 m·s-1和18 m·s-1处理的日均光合速率下降13.26%和11.60%,日均蒸腾速率下降7.93%和8.38%,气孔导度下降1.42%和8.54%,胞间CO2浓度增加9.07%和3.22%;(4)短暂的风沙流吹袭没有导致其水分利用效率明显变化,但致其光能利用效率显著降低;(5)风沙流胁迫下,其光合速率和蒸腾速率的下降主要受制于气孔导度的降低,其光能利用效率的降低主要源于光合速率和气孔导度的下降。
In order to understand effects of brief sand-drift wind on photosynthesis and transpiration properties of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica saplings, a field wind blowing experiment with a gradient of wind speed (0, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 m·s-1)and sand-drift wind intensities (0.00, 1.00, 28.30, 63.28, 111.82, 172.93 g·cm-1·min-1)was conducted in June, 2013 in the Horqin Sand Land of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that: (1) brief sand-drift wind blowing had a lesser effects to diurnal variation pattern of Tr and Ci of P. sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings, but could change its diurnal variation pattern of Pn and Gs; (2) Strong sand-drift wind blowing with 15 m·s-1 and 18 m·s-1 wind speed resulted in a great decrease of the daily maximum Pn, Tr and Gs, which decreased by 22.30% and 21.98%, 22.87% and 22.31%、24.28% and 17.45%, respectively, compared to the CK; (3) with increase of sand-drift wind intensity, daily average Pn, Tr and Gs tended to decrease and daily average Ci tended to increased, which decreased by 13.26% and 11.60% in the Pn, 7.93% and 8.38% in the Tr and 1.42% and 8.54% in the Gs, increased by 9.07% and 3.22% in the Ci, respectively, in the 15 m·s-1 and 18 m·s-1 treatments compared to the CK; (4) brief sand-drift wind blowing did not resulted in significant changes to WUE of the seedlings, but resulted in a significant decrease of the light energy utilization efficiency; (5) in the sand-drift wind stress, the decrease of the Pn and Tr resulted mainly from decrease of the Gs, the decrease of the light energy utilization efficiency resulted mainly from decrease of the Pn and Gs.
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