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  • ISSN 1000-694X
  • 双月刊 创刊于1981年
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天气与气候

乌鲁木齐市城区和郊区近地层风速廓线

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  • 1. 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所 塔克拉玛干沙漠大气环境观测试验站, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002;
    2. 南京信息工程大学 应用气象学院, 江苏 南京 210044;
    3. 临沧市气象局, 云南 临沧 677099
金莉莉(1984-),女,云南大理人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事大气边界层和陆面过程模拟研究。E-mail:jinlili1984@126.com

收稿日期: 2016-02-16

  修回日期: 2016-03-21

  网络出版日期: 2017-07-20

基金资助

中国沙漠气象科学研究基金项目(Sqj2015009);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(IDM201505)

Surface Layer Wind Speed Profiles in Center and Suburbs of Urumqi,China

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  • 1. Taklimakan Desert Atmosphere and Environment Observation and Experiment Station, Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China;
    2. College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
    3. Lincang Meteorological Bureau, Lincang 677099, Yunnan, China

Received date: 2016-02-16

  Revised date: 2016-03-21

  Online published: 2017-07-20

摘要

利用乌鲁木齐市5座100 m气象塔10层风速观测资料,分析了乌鲁木齐市城区和郊区近地层风速季节变化和日变化特征。结果表明:(1)乌鲁木齐市风速最大值出现在14:00-16:00,最小值多在夜间或上午。冬季风速最小、夏季最大;冬季风速始终处于较为稳定、有微小波动的低值区;夏季风速表现出一定的变化趋势。(2)夏季风速在一年里波动最大,随地势降低波动减小,南郊最大(1.5~6.4 m·s-1),北郊最小(1.3~4.6 m·s-1);秋季和春季风速波动次之;冬季风速波动最小,南郊最大(1.3~4.6 m·s-1),北郊最小(0.7~2 m·s-1)。(3)近地层100 m内城区和北郊风速随高度变化较小,冬季基本为1~2 m·s-1,而南郊风速随高度增加变化幅度最大,从1 m·s-1增加到4 m·s-1以上;愈近地面,城区与郊区风速相差愈大,近地面城区平均风速明显低于郊区,春季、夏季、秋季和冬季分别低5%~32%、8%~30%、15%~37%、14%~48%。(4)近地层风速廓线在近中性层结时一般符合对数风速廓线模式,对数律显著性不强的时段主要在正午前后。

本文引用格式

金莉莉, 李振杰, 何清, 缪启龙, 买买提艾力·买买提依明 . 乌鲁木齐市城区和郊区近地层风速廓线[J]. 中国沙漠, 2017 , 37(4) : 755 -769 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00036

Abstract

The 10-layer wind speed data collected at five meteorological towers with 100 m height in Urumqi were used to analyze the characteristics of the seasonal variation and diurnal variation of the wind speed in center and suburbs of Urumqi.The results show that:(1) The maximum value of wind speed appears at 14:00-16:00,and the minimum value appears at night or in the morning.The maximum (minimum) wind speed is in summer (winter).The wind speed in winter is relatively low and stable with small fluctuations.The wind speed change in summer.(2) The wind speed fluctuation is the strongest in summer,and the fluctuation decreases with terrain.The maximum fluctuation is in south suburb (1.5-6.4 m·s-1),while the minimum is in north suburb (1.3-4.6 m·s-1).The fluctuations in autumn and spring are followed.The fluctuation of wind speed is the weakest in winter,and the maximum is in south suburb (1.3-4.6 m·s-1),and the minimum is in north suburb (0.7-2 m·s-1).(3) The wind speed changes little with the height in 0-100 m surface layer in center and north suburb,especially in winter.The wind speed increases from 1 m·s-1 to 4 m·s-1 in 0-100 m surface layer in south suburb.The air flow is dragged strongly by the buildings when it is close to the ground.The wind speed near the ground in center is significantly lower than in suburb,and the differences are 5%-32% in spring,8%-30% in summer,15%-37% in autumn,14%-48% in winter.(4) Generally,the wind speed profiles are according to logarithmic function under near neutral stratification.While,the logarithmic function is not significant at noon.

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