2017年在秦岭黑河流域7个采样点进行地下水样品采集。通过综合分析、Gibbs图、Piper三角图、主要离子比值法、主成分分析法得出黑河地下水化学成分的特点、水化学类型及其成因。结果表明：阳离子的主要组成成分是Ca2+，HCO3-是阴离子的主要组成成分，黑河流域地下水化学类型为HCO3-- Ca2+和SO42--HCO3--Ca2+型。Gibbs图分析得出该地下水化学离子组成受岩石风化作用控制；Piper三角图、主要离子比值法、主成分分析及相关分析表明，地下水化学组分主要受方解石、白云岩等碳酸盐岩矿物的风化溶解，同时伴有硫酸溶解碳酸盐岩，受硅酸盐岩的溶解控制作用较小。
In 2017, groundwater samples were collected at 7 sampling sites in Heihe River basin, QinlingMountains, China.In this paper, the component characteristics, hydrochemical types and causes of the groundwater chemical composition of Heihe River basin are obtained by comprehensive analysis, Gibbs diagram, Piper triangle diagram, main ion ratio method and principal component analysis. The results show that the main components of cations are Ca, and HCO3- is the main component of anions. The groundwater chemical types of Heihe River basin are HCO3--Ca2+ and SO42--HCO3--Ca2+.Gibbs diagram shows that the chemical ion composition of groundwater is controlled by rock weathering. Piper triangle diagram, major ion ratio method, principal component analysis and correlation analysis show that the chemical composition of groundwater is mainly affected by weathering and dissolution of carbonate minerals such as calcite and dolomite, accompanied by sulfuric acid dissolution of carbonate, and is less controlled by silicate dissolution.
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