胡杨（Populus euphratica）具有异形叶性，在维持干旱荒漠区生态平衡中发挥着不可代替的作用。研究枝、叶形态和生物量间的关系，探讨胡杨资源分配的策略具有重要意义。通过测定不同径阶胡杨雌雄株当年生枝、叶形态性状及生物量，研究在不同发育阶段和不同冠层高度下胡杨雌雄株枝、叶间的生长关系。结果表明：随径阶的增加，雌雄株叶片数呈减小趋势，枝条粗、叶柄长、叶柄粗、叶面积、叶片数、枝干重和每枝叶干重呈增加趋势；不同径阶胡杨雌雄株枝、叶形态间存在异速生长关系，随着径阶的变化，雄株枝叶形态转变较快，而雌株枝叶间的生物量转化效率更高；不同冠层高度胡杨雌雄株枝、叶形态间存在异速生长关系，随着冠层高度的变化，雌株枝叶形态转变较快，而雄株生物量转化效率更高。胡杨在高的冠层和成熟的发育阶段可能通过更短更粗的当年生枝条高效地为具有较大叶柄长、叶柄粗、叶面积的叶片提供水分和矿物质元素。

Populus euphratica with heteromorphic leaves plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining the ecological balance in the arid desert area of Northwest China. It is of great significance to study the relationship between branch and leaf morphology and biomass and to explore the strategy of resource allocation for P. euphratica. By measuring the morphological characters and biomass of annual branches and leaves of male and female P. euphratica at different diameter classes， we studied the relationship between male and female branches and leaves of P. euphratica， at different development stages and canopy. The results showed that the number of leaves of male and female plants decreased， and the diameter of branches， petiole length， diameter of the petiole， leaf area， the number of leaves， branch dry weight， and dry weight increased with the increase of diameter class. Further analysis showed that there was an allometric relationship between the branch and leaf morphology of male and female P. euphratica with different diameter classes. The morphological transformation speed between branches and leaves was faster in males， while the biomass conversion efficiency between the branches and leaves was higher in females. Also， there was an allometric growth relationship between the branches and leaf morphology of male and female P. euphratica at different canopy heights. With the change in canopy height， the transformation speed between the branches and leaves of female plants was faster， while the biomass transformation efficiency of male plants was higher. There was an allometric growth relationship between male and female branches， leaf morphology， branch dry weight， leaf dry weight， and leaf morphology of P. euphratica in different diameter classes or different canopy layers. In the high canopy and mature development stages， P. euphratica may efficiently provide water and mineral elements for the leaves with large petiole length， the diameter of the petiole， and leaf area through shorter and thicker annual branches. It provides a theoretical basis for further understanding of the differences in environmental adaptability between male and female P. euphratica and the distribution of male and female in the future planting.