以低覆盖度（15%~25%）行带式固沙林25 m宽林带间样地为研究对象，应用高通量测序技术，对行带式固沙林带间土壤微生物群落的结构和多样性特征进行了分析比较。结果表明：（1）林带间不同位置土壤理化性质存在显著差异，行带式固沙林对土壤理化性质、土壤微生物恢复有促进作用。林带间15 m的位置恢复效果最好，土壤微生物多样性指数较高，群落丰富度高。（2）土壤中主要的优势细菌菌群为放线菌门、变形菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门，其中放线菌门相对丰度最高；真菌群落中子囊菌门为主要优势菌门，被孢菌门是行带式固沙林样地次优势菌门。（3）速效钾、土壤容重、有机质是影响土壤微生物群落结构的重要因子。

The structure and diversity characteristics of soil microbial communities in low-coverage sand-fixing forest belts were analyzed and compared by applying high-throughput sequencing technology in a 25 m wide forest belts sample plots of low-coverage （15%-25%） sand-fixing forest belt as a research object. The results showed that： （1） There were significant differences between soil physical and chemical properties， and the sand-fixing forest belt promoted the recovery of soil physical and chemical properties and soil microorganisms. The best recovery effect was at the position of 15 m in the forest belts， with the relatively high index of soil microbial diversity and high community richness. （2） The main dominant bacterial groups in the soil were Actinobacteria， Proteobacteria， Acidobacteria， Chloroflexi， of which Actinobacteria had the highest relative abundance； Ascomycetes was the main dominant bacterial group in the fungal community， and Mortierellomycota was the subdominant bacterial group of the sand-fixing forest belt. （3） Available potassium， bulk density， organic matter were important factors affecting soil microbial community structure.