Duerbote Mongolian Autonomous County of Heilongjiang province has the largest desertification land area among the counties in the Songnen Sandy Land. The Talaha Town is a representative region in the desertification area of Duerbote County. The desertification land is distributed in each village of the town and the total area is 109.91 km2, which is 22.95% of the total land area of the town. The desertification land of the Talaha Town is of light and moderate degrees. Generally, one to two layers of paleosols are found in sand dunes and their ages are between (4 197±383)a BP and (7 463±143)a BP by 14C dating. Sporo-pollen analysis indicates that the pollens of herbaceous plants in the paleosols are more than that of arbor trees and bush plants, and the paleosols are formed in the warm period of Holocene. The desertification in this area is caused by both natural and mankind factors. For moderate desertification lands treatment, a "sparse forest-bush-grass" controlling model should be adopted, and another "forest-fruit tree-herb(medicinal)-minor cereals" controlling model should be adopted for light desertification lands treatment.