| 生物土壤与生态 |
|
|
|
|
| Crust Development and Its Influences on Soil Physicochemical Properties in Artificial Forest of Horqin Sand Land |
| GUO Yi-rui; ZHAO Ha-lin; ZHAO Xue-yong; ZUO Xiao-an; LUO Ya-yong |
|
|
|
Abstract Soil crust is a common and widespread phenomenon in desert areas all over the world thanks to its extraordinary ability to survive desiccation and extreme temperatures,high pH and salinity. Despite its unassuming appearance,biological soil crusts play a significant role in desert ecosystems,including involvement in the process of formation,stability and fertility of soil,preventing soil erosion by water or wind,increasing the possibility of vascular plant colonization,and being responsible for the stabilization of sand dunes. The present paper taking Horqin Sand as the research region,by field sampling,the soil crust sample under different ages of artificial forest were collected,and its physical and chemical properties were analyzed,in which the mechanical composition,bulk density,soil nutrient elements,organic matter,pH,EC and CaCO3 content of the crust and soil（0\_2.5 cm and 2.5\_5 cm under crust）were included．The result revealed that 3-year-old and 15-year-old Populus simonii forest,15-year-old and 25-year-old Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation were respectively developed soil crust,lichen crust and moss crust. The thickness,packing degree,water content,silt and clay content,total and available nutrients of crusts are gradually increasing along with the crust development succession. Meanwhile,crust enhanced the physical characters and chemical properties of the soil under it,on an increase trend from Populus simonii forest to mongolica plantation,from soil crust to moss crust. Of the same forest,the above parameters in 0－2.5cm soil layer were higher than that of 2.5－5cm soil layer and the contrast. The result also showed that the physical characters and chemical properties of moss crust which under 25-year-old mongolica plantation were prior to others,and so does the 0－5cm soil layer under it.
|
|
Received: 01 January 1900
Published: 20 November 2007
|
[1]张华,李锋瑞,张铜会,等.科尔沁沙地人工杨树林生态服务效能评价[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(10):1591-1596.
[2]李锋瑞,张华,赵丽娅,等.科尔沁沙地人工杨树(Populus simonii)林生态防风效应研究[J].水土保持学报,2003,17(2):62-66.
[3]移小勇,赵哈林,崔建垣,等.科尔沁沙地不同密度（小面积）樟子松人工林生长状况[J].生态学报,2006,26(4):1200-1206.
[4]赵琼,曾德慧,于占源,等.沙地樟子松人工林土壤磷素转化的根际效应[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(8):1377- 1381.
[5]王涛,吴薇,薛娴,等.近50年来中国北方沙漠化土地的时空变化[J].地理学报,2004,59(2):203-212.
[6]李守中,肖洪浪,李新荣,等.干旱、半干旱地区微生物结皮土壤水文学的研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(4):500-506.
[7]刘立超,李守中,宋耀选,等.沙坡头人工植被区微生物结皮对地表蒸发影响的试验研究[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(2):191-195.
[8]段争虎,刘新民,屈建军.沙坡头地区土壤结皮形成机理的研究[J].干旱区研究,1996,13(2):31-36.
[9]肖洪浪,李新荣,段争虎,等.流沙固定过程中土壤-植被系统演变[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(6):601-607.
[10]何明珠,李新荣,张景光,等.土壤生物结皮蒸散特征研究[J].中国沙漠,2006,26(2):159-165.
[11]李新荣,张景光,王新平,等.干旱沙漠区土壤微生物结皮及其对固沙植被影响的研究[J].植物学报,2004,42(9):965-970.
[12]李新荣,贾玉奎,龙利群.干旱半干旱地区土壤微生物结皮的生态学意义及若干研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2001,21(1):4-11.
[13]赵哈林,赵学勇,张铜会,等.科尔沁沙地沙漠化过程及其恢复机理[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003:74-83.
[14]刘光崧．土壤理化分析与剖面描述[M]．北京:中国标准出版社,1996.
[15]Belnap J.Nitrogen fixation in biological soil crusts from southeast Utah,USA[J].Biol Fertil Soils,2002,35:128-135.
[16]贾宝全,张红旗,张志强,等.甘肃省民勤沙区土壤结皮理化性质研究[J]. 生态学报,2003,23(7):1442-1448.
[17]Jafari M,TaviliA,Zargham N,et al.Comparing some properties of crusted and uncrusted soils in Alagol region of Iran[J]. Pak J Nutr,2004,3:273-277.
[18]Billings S A,Schaeffer S M,Evans R D.Nitrogen fixation by biological soil crusts and heterotrophic bacteria in an intact Mojave Desert ecosystem with elevated CO2 and added soil carbon[J].Soil Biol Biochem,2003,35:643-649.
[19]Zaady E,Kuhn U,Wilske B,et al.Patterns of CO2 exchange in biological soil crusts of successional age[J].Soil B iol Biochem,2000,32:959-966.
[20]胡春香,张德禄,刘永定,等.荒漠结皮的胶结机理[J].科学通报,2002,47(12):931-937.
[21]Eldridge D J，Greene R S B．Microbiotic soil crusts：A view of their roles in soil and ecological processes in the rangelands of Australia[J].Australia Journal of Soil Research,1994,32:389-415．
[22]Belnap J,Recovery rates of cryptobiotic crusts:Inoculant use and assessment methods[J].Great Basin Nat,1993,53(1):89.
[23]李卫红,任天瑞,周智彬,等.新疆古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮的土壤理化性质分析[J].冰川冻土,2005,27(4):619-626.
|
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
2007, Vol. 27 
