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| Simulation of Terrain Effect to the Development of Sandstorm in Minqin——Take a Heavy Sandstorm for Example |
| Li Yaohui1, Shen Jie2,3, Zhao Jianhua1, Hu Tiantian1,2, Yin Han1,2 |
1. Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province/Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of China Meteorological Administration, Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China;
2. Atmospheric Science College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
3. Meteorological Bureau of Xining, Xining 810000, China |
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Abstract Hexi Corridor is the only way of cold air from northwest, its funnelling terrain and abundant sand source made it became sand storm prone area. Minqin of Gansu is located in the middle of the corridor, where the Badain Jaran Desert borders the Tengger Desert, and is a wind outlet area of Yabrai Mountain and Longshou Mountain. The corridor terrain and the funnelling terrain made Minqin become the sand storm prone area with extremely vulnerable ecological environment. By data during a heavy sandstorm (the visibility reach to 0 m sometime, and reach to black storm standard) in the Hexi corridor on April 24 of 2010, We use GRAPES-SDM sandstorm model to imitate this sandstorm process, and simulate the effect of terrain on the wind speed, sand flux from the ground, concentration of sand and sand transport by experiment change of the mountain height and range. The results show that: (1) When decrease of the height of the mountain around Minqin, the surface wind speed weakens. The air with sand meets the resist of the mountain, some sand reaches to the leeward slope. The terrain characteristic would weaken the diffusion intensity of sand. (2) The wind speed decreases when increase of height of the mountain around Minqin, the airflow obviously turn and the direction of dust spreading is changed. (3) The surface wind speed obviously decreases when the position of mountain around Minqin changes, and the dust influence area extends to southward and southeast compared with the initial condition because of the weaken of the funneling effect. (4) The height change of Qilian Mountain to the south of the Hexi Corridor affects more significantly compared with the same change of the Yabrai Mountain to the north of Minqin because the area and the height of the Qilian Mountain was larger than the Yabrai Mountain. It indicates that the "funnelling" terrain of Hexi Corridor is an important reason of the high frequency of sandstorm in Minqin, the small "funnelling" terrain around Minqin made Minqin area became the most serious area of sandstorm in the Hexi Corridor. (5) The change of terrain would reduce the amount of sand from the surface, thus reduce the concentration of dust, and reduce the development of sandstorm.
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Received: 12 April 2013
Published: 20 May 2014
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2014, Vol. 34 
