Impact of photovoltaic power stations on the aeolian sand environment of gobi in the Sugan Lake Basin， Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00145

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 249-257.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00145

Impact of photovoltaic power stations on the aeolian sand environment of gobi in the Sugan Lake Basin， Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

Qinghe Niu¹(), Chunli Su²(), Jianhua Xiao¹, Bo Wang³, Lei Xia², Qing Zhang¹^,⁴, Lulu Liu¹^,⁴

^1.State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands / Dunhuang Gobi Desert Research Station，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^2.East China Electric Power Design Institute Co. ，Ltd. ，China Power Engineering Consulting Group，Shanghai 200063，China
^3.China Power Engineering Consulting Group Co. ，Ltd，Beijing 100001，China
^4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China

Received:2025-08-12 Revised:2025-09-18 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-26
Contact: Chunli Su

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the study of a newly constructed photovoltaic power station（PPS） located in the middle of the Sugan Lake Basin on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau as the study area， this paper analyzed the impact of the PPS on the aeolian sand environment by synchronously installing automatic meteorological stations and eight-directional sand traps inside and outside the PPS for comparative aeolian sand observations. The results show that the PPS significantly weakens wind-sand dynamics and exerts a distinct directional effect. The average wind speed， sand-lifting wind frequency， and maximum possible sand transport rate have all significantly decreased， with reduction rates of 48.50%， 57.69%， and 84.01%， respectively. The overall wind direction， sand-drifting wind direction， and synthetic sand transport direction have all tended toward the longitudinal axis of the photovoltaic panels. However， construction disturbance led to increased sand sources within the PPS and altered obstacles for sand transport， resulting in a measured sand transport rate inside the PPS 9.61 times higher than outside. Therefore， soil-water conservation measures should be prioritized during gobi PPS construction， with original ground surfaces restored promptly post-construction. Necessary sand-fixing measures must be implemented to reduce internal sand transport and avoid creating new regional sand sources. Assessments of wind-sand environments for gobi PPS should emphasize field-measured sand transport data， as theoretical evaluations relying solely on meteorological data may substantially deviate from actual conditions.

Key words: Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Sugan Lake Basin, photovoltaic power station, wind-sand dynamics, gobi desert

CLC Number:

P931.3

Qinghe Niu, Chunli Su, Jianhua Xiao, Bo Wang, Lei Xia, Qing Zhang, Lulu Liu. Impact of photovoltaic power stations on the aeolian sand environment of gobi in the Sugan Lake Basin， Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(6): 249-257.

Figures/Tables 9

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风向	月份												全年
风向	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	1	2	全年
合计	66.53	66.53	56.50	35.70	41.29	42.73	56.03	64.51	76.78	71.79	81.63	84.55	57.69
N	28.88	28.88	32.54	25.27	19.91	21.74	36.85	52.46	56.87	53.47	100.00	20.93	32.81
NNE	47.92	47.92	46.48	30.25	21.79	64.64	85.00	71.02	4.00	16.67	—	93.75	44.19
NE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	—	100.00
ENE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
E	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
ESE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
SE	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	100.00	—	—	100.00
SSE	0.00	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
S	—	—	—	—	—	—	100.00	100.00	—	—	—	—	100.00
SSW	100.00	100.00	—	—	—	—	—	100.00	100.00	—	—	—	—
SW	—	—	100.00	—	—	—	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	100.00	—
WSW	83.33	83.33	63.64	100.00	—	—	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	0.00	100.00	87.24
W	97.66	97.66	85.71	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	93.93	100.00	100.00	78.26	100.00	94.56
WNW	96.77	96.77	96.83	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	98.22
NW	100.00	100.00	94.74	100.00	100.00	95.17	97.62	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	98.37
NNW	77.78	77.78	87.73	46.23	88.09	47.69	54.04	62.05	91.82	73.17	100.00	83.87	66.77

风向	月份												全年
风向	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	1	2	全年
合计	66.53	66.53	56.50	35.70	41.29	42.73	56.03	64.51	76.78	71.79	81.63	84.55	57.69
N	28.88	28.88	32.54	25.27	19.91	21.74	36.85	52.46	56.87	53.47	100.00	20.93	32.81
NNE	47.92	47.92	46.48	30.25	21.79	64.64	85.00	71.02	4.00	16.67	—	93.75	44.19
NE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	—	100.00
ENE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
E	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
ESE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
SE	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	100.00	—	—	100.00
SSE	0.00	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
S	—	—	—	—	—	—	100.00	100.00	—	—	—	—	100.00
SSW	100.00	100.00	—	—	—	—	—	100.00	100.00	—	—	—	—
SW	—	—	100.00	—	—	—	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	100.00	—
WSW	83.33	83.33	63.64	100.00	—	—	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	0.00	100.00	87.24
W	97.66	97.66	85.71	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	93.93	100.00	100.00	78.26	100.00	94.56
WNW	96.77	96.77	96.83	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	98.22
NW	100.00	100.00	94.74	100.00	100.00	95.17	97.62	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	98.37
NNW	77.78	77.78	87.73	46.23	88.09	47.69	54.04	62.05	91.82	73.17	100.00	83.87	66.77

风向与输沙量	月份												全年
风向与输沙量	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	1	2	全年
N	79.76	61.44	78.23	79.35	81.62	76.49	89.96	90.35	85.14	100.00	84.93	78.31	80.64
NNE	83.52	47.34	68.70	66.02	95.82	96.20	93.39	6.96	-97.24	—	99.80	68.49	74.22
NE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	—	100.00	100.00
ENE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
E	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
ESE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
SE	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	100.00	—	—	—	100.00
SSE	—	—	—	100.00	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
S	—	—	—	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	—	—	—	—	—	100.00
SSW	100.00	—	—	100.00	—	—	100.00	100.00	—	—	—	—	99.97
SW	—	100.00	—	100.00	—	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	100.00	—	100.00
WSW	93.98	55.49	100.00	—	—	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	74.59	100.00	100.00	96.71
W	99.53	97.37	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	99.97	100.00	100.00	99.44	100.00	100.00	99.12
WNW	99.47	99.39	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	99.71
NW	100.00	99.93	100.00	100.00	99.44	99.80	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	99.90
NNW	84.31	81.21	75.37	97.38	92.64	92.13	86.10	99.53	99.42	100.00	82.07	100.00	91.08
Q	83.67	71.67	77.61	80.89	85.27	82.46	89.79	89.65	87.33	99.24	90.29	88.45	84.01
RQ	80.97	67.96	78.06	83.41	84.28	81.43	89.08	92.25	89.17	99.25	85.79	83.33	83.29

风向与输沙量	月份												全年
风向与输沙量	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	1	2	全年
N	79.76	61.44	78.23	79.35	81.62	76.49	89.96	90.35	85.14	100.00	84.93	78.31	80.64
NNE	83.52	47.34	68.70	66.02	95.82	96.20	93.39	6.96	-97.24	—	99.80	68.49	74.22
NE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	—	100.00	100.00
ENE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
E	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
ESE	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
SE	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	100.00	—	—	—	100.00
SSE	—	—	—	100.00	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
S	—	—	—	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	—	—	—	—	—	100.00
SSW	100.00	—	—	100.00	—	—	100.00	100.00	—	—	—	—	99.97
SW	—	100.00	—	100.00	—	100.00	—	100.00	—	—	100.00	—	100.00
WSW	93.98	55.49	100.00	—	—	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	74.59	100.00	100.00	96.71
W	99.53	97.37	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	99.97	100.00	100.00	99.44	100.00	100.00	99.12
WNW	99.47	99.39	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	99.71
NW	100.00	99.93	100.00	100.00	99.44	99.80	100.00	100.00	100.00	—	100.00	100.00	99.90
NNW	84.31	81.21	75.37	97.38	92.64	92.13	86.10	99.53	99.42	100.00	82.07	100.00	91.08
Q	83.67	71.67	77.61	80.89	85.27	82.46	89.79	89.65	87.33	99.24	90.29	88.45	84.01
RQ	80.97	67.96	78.06	83.41	84.28	81.43	89.08	92.25	89.17	99.25	85.79	83.33	83.29

来沙方向	输沙量/（g·cm^-1·a^-1）		电站内/电站外
来沙方向	电站外	电站内	电站内/电站外
N	61.63	1 062.40	17.24
NE	71.60	422.94	5.91
E	70.63	270.76	3.83
SE	40.00	317.00	7.93
S	54.15	553.01	10.21
SW	39.75	454.86	11.44
W	63.90	410.32	6.42
NW	18.15	518.31	28.56
SUM	417.29	4 009.58	9.61

Impact of photovoltaic power stations on the aeolian sand environment of gobi in the Sugan Lake Basin， Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

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