Caryopteris mongolica is a scarce resource shrub, distributed mainly in typical grassland, desertification grassland and desert. Different from conventional methods, the study combined the spatial distribution pattern with branching architecture to reveal the ability of using space resources of the shrub. We choose a C. mongolica community in Daliuta, Shenmu, Shaanxi as the object. The spatial distribution pattern type, scale and intensity of the plant population were determined with the methods of adjacent lattice. Branching pattern characteristics, bifurcation ratio and fractal dimension was also studied. The results show that the population of C. mongolica distribute aggregately with highly pattern intensity on 20 m×20 m scale. The pattern scale was 8 m×16 m(128 m2). There is a very significant negative correlation relationship between plant height and density. Therefor the relationship between crown breadth and diffusion coefficient shows significant positive correlation. Competition for resources increases with density, made C. mongolica to a spheroidicity dwarf shrub. And the population density of C. mongolica was 2.79 plants per square meter. Crown fractal dimension of C. mongolica was 7.58, branch fractal dimension of the plant was 2.75, overall bifurcation ratio of the plant was 4.31, and the difference between stepwise bifurcation of plant was significant. Because the branch way of the shrub is pseudo-dichotomously branched, the fractal dimension and bifurcation ratio values were higher. Combine fractal dimension with bifurcation ratio provided scientific evidence of C. mongolica branching pattern was complex. There were a lot of branches in this shrub, and the branches grades were up to fifth-grade. While the branch grade increased, the branch number in each grade decreased significantly. This plant showed short length and large angle of the branches. Overall, C. mongolica has strong ability of spatial extension. It can use natural resources sufficiently through reasonable spatial distribution pattern and complex branching pattern.
[1] 王晓江,李爱平,宁明世,等.生态灌木蒙古莸的生物生态学特性及其经济价值评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2006,20(2):191-194.
[2] 张源润,董仁才,麦硕,等.耐旱灌木蒙古莸花的资源及护利用[J].干旱区资源与环境,1999,13(1):91-94.
[3] 李玉俊,李新荣,杨喜林.芳香植物-蒙古莸的生态生理特性及其栽培技术[J].中国沙漠,1991,11(3):50-56.
[4] Mole E.Recent progress with the Caryopteris collection[J].Plant Heritage,2004,11(2):14-15.
[5] 郭春燕,刘果厚,贺晓.人工加速老化对蒙古莸种子发芽的影响[J].种子,2009,28(2):77-79.
[6] 高建平,贺晓,郭春燕,等. 蒙古莸小孢子发生和雄配子体发育的研究[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(6):1149-1154.
[7] 宋 鑫,张东梅,张丽静,等.施磷对蒙古莸(Caryopteris mongolica)形态和酸性磷酸酶活性的影响[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(4):917-922.
[8] 谢乾瑾,夏新莉,刘超,等.水分胁迫对不同种源蒙古莸光合特性与生长的影响[J].林业科学研究,2010,23(4):567-573.
[9] 王鑫厅,侯亚丽,刘芳,等.羊草+大针茅草原退化群落优势种群空间点格局分析[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(12):1281-1289.
[10] 张金屯.植物种群空间分布的点格局分析[J].植物生态学报,1998,22(4):344-349.
[11] 刘振国,李镇清.不同放牧强度下冷蒿种群小尺度空间格局[J].生态学报,2004,24(2):227-234.
[12] Harper J L.Plant demorgraphy and ecological theory[J].Oikos,1980,35:244-253.
[13] Ford.E.D.and Sorrensen K.A.Leaf mass per area,nitrogen content and photosynthetic carbon gain in Acer saccharum seedlings in contrasting forest light environments[J].Functional Ecology,1992,6:423-435.
[14] 王丽娟,孙栋元,赵成义,等.准噶尔盆地梭梭、白梭梭植物构型特征[J].生态学报,2011,31(17):4952-4960.
[15] 杨洪晓,张金屯,李振东,等.毛乌素沙地油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)种群空间格局对比[J].生态学报,2008,28(5):1901-1910.
[16] 彭飞,王涛,刘立超,等.民勤荒漠绿洲过渡带白刺灌丛沙堆演化阶段及其空间格局[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(3):593-599.
[17] 陈育,杨劼,张璞进,等.西鄂尔多斯半日花(Helianthemum soongoricum)种群结构和点格局分析[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(1):75-82.
[18] 李政海.内蒙古草原与荒漠区几种锦鸡儿种群格局的研究[J].内蒙古大学学报:自然科学版,1995,26(1):67-74.
[19] 宋于洋,李园园,张文辉.梭梭种群不同发育阶段的空间格局与关联性分析[J].生态学报,2010,30(16):4317-4327.
[20] 吕朝燕,张希明,刘国军,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘梭梭种群结构和空间格局特征[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(2):380-387.
[21] 张德魁,王继和,马全林,等.油蒿与沙蒿枝构件特征研究[J].草原与草坪,2009,(1):43-46.
[22] 李尝君,郭京衡,曾凡江,等.多枝柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)根、冠构型的年龄差异及其适应意义[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(2):365-372.
[23] 许强,杨自辉,郭树江,等.梭梭不同生长阶段的枝系构型特征[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(4):50-54.
[24] 周资行,李真,焦健,等.腾格里沙漠南缘唐古特白刺克隆分株生长格局及枝系构型分析[J].草业学报,2014,01:12-21.
[25] Zeicle B,Pfeifer P.A method for estimation of fractal dimension of tree crowns[J].Forestry Science,1991,37(5):1253-1265.
[26] 刘哲荣,燕玲,贺晓,等.采煤沉陷干扰下土壤理化性质的演变-以大柳塔矿采区为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,(11):133-138.
[27] 周莹,贺晓,徐军,等.半干旱区采煤沉陷对地表植被组成及多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(8):4517-4525.
[28] 上官铁梁,张峰.山西绵山植被优势种群的分布格局与种间联结的研究[J].武汉植物学研究,1988,6(4):357-364.
[29] 兰国玉,雷瑞德.植物种群空间分布格局研究方法概述[J].西北林学院学报,2003,18(2):17-21.
[30] Greig S P.The Use of Random and contiguous quadrats in the study of the structure of plant communities[J].Annals of Botany,1952,16(2):293-316.
[31] 张建华,马成仓,刘志宏,等.干旱荒漠区狭叶锦鸡儿灌丛扩展对策[J].生态学报,2011,31(8):2132-2138.
[32] 马克明,祖元刚,倪红伟.兴安落叶松种群格局的分形特征-关联维数[J].生态学报,1999,19(3):353-358.
[33] 何明珠,张景光,王辉.荒漠植物枝系构型影响因素分析[J].中国沙漠,2006,26(4):625-630.
[34] 靳虎甲.干旱区油蒿种群生态学研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2009.
[35] 李亚莉,张钦弟,翟静娟,等.山西濒危植物翅果油树植冠的构型分析[J].植物资源与环境学报,2007,16(4):43-46.
[36] 蔡锰柯,林开敏,郑晶晶.黄金宝树树冠分形特征及枝系构型分析[J].西南林业大学学报,2014(5):42-46.