基于热红外遥感的沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus Mongolicus)健康状况诊断

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00085

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近几十年来，由于荒漠地区日益严重的环境问题以及人为破坏，古老荒漠残遗种沙冬青（Ammopiptanthus Mongolicus）群落的衰退现象越来越严重，现已处于濒危状态。研究沙冬青群落在退化过程中的生理变化，以及平茬后沙冬青的生理响应，可以为防止沙冬青退化及其更新复壮提供科学依据。基于多年的野外观察和研究，我们提出了“沙冬青群落在退化过程中，叶片的蒸腾作用加强”，“沙冬青群落在平茬之后叶片的蒸腾作用加强”的研究假设。为此，利用热红外遥感技术在西鄂尔多斯自然保护区分别对无枯枝和枯枝率分别为30%、60%、90%的沙冬青群落以及平茬后一年、三年的沙冬青群落进行了观测。结果表明：（1）枯枝率较高的沙冬青群落叶片蒸腾速率一般大于枯枝率较低的群落；平茬后的沙冬青群落中，叶片蒸腾速度一般大于未平茬群落，与假设相符。（2）枯枝率为60%和90%的沙冬青群落的植被蒸腾扩散系数h_at值一般小于0.5，无枯枝和枯枝率为30%的沙冬青群落的h_at值一般大于0.5，因此可以取0.5为阈值，作为诊断沙冬青的健康状况的依据。（3）平茬可以有效促进沙冬青群落的复壮更新。（4）本研究中，h_at值是沙冬青健康状况的诊断依据，仅需要测量气温、叶片表面温度和参考叶片表面温度，这些参数均容易获得，同时测量过程对沙冬青无损伤，因此热红外遥感技术是诊断沙冬青健康状况的一种简单有效的无损伤手段方法。

关键词: 沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus Mongolicus), 热红外遥感, 平茬, 蒸腾速度, 植被蒸腾扩散系数

Abstract: In recent decades, because of increasingly serious climate problem and anthropogenic destruction, the recession of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus was more and more savage. Study of how A.mongolicus adapts to the degradation process in physiology and their physiological changes after stumping can provide basis for preventing the degradation of A.mongolicus and the rejuvenation of A.mongolicus. Based on many years of field observation and research, we put forward the hypothesis that "the transpiration rate of A.mongolicus in the degradation process is higher" and "the transpiration rate of the stumped A.mongolicus is higher". In order to prove this hypothesis, six study objects were selected in the West Erdos Nature Reserve: the A.mongolicus without dead branch, with 30% of dead branches, with 60% of dead branches, with 90% of dead branches and the stumped A.mongolicus after 1 year and 3 years, repectively. The results showed that: (1) the transpiration rate of A. mongolicus rose with increasing dead branches, the transpiration rate of stumped A. mongolicus was higher than A. mongolicus without stumping; (2) the plant transpiration transfer coefficient of A.mongolicus with 60% of dead branches or more was higher than 0.5, and that of A.mongolicus with 30% of dead branches or less was lower than 0.5, so 0.5 can be taken as the threshold to diagnose the health of A.mongolicus; (3) the A.mongolicus with 60% of dead branches or more should be stumped to achieve the rejuvenation of A.mongolicus; (4) the plant transpiration transfer coefficient of A.mongolicus was observed by thermal imaging technology, therefore, the thermal imaging technology can be applied in the diagnosis of A.mongolicus in future work and study.

Key words: Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, thermal infrared remote sensing, stumping, transpiration rate, plant transpiration transfer coefficient

中图分类号:

Q948.15

赵云霞, 李瑞利, 邱国玉. 基于热红外遥感的沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus Mongolicus)健康状况诊断[J]. 中国沙漠, 2016, 36(4): 997-1006.

Zhao Yunxia, Li Ruili, Qiu Guoyu. Application of Infrared Thermal Imaging Technology in the Diagnosis of Endangered Plant Ammopiptanthus Mongolicus[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2016, 36(4): 997-1006.

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