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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 98-106.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00004

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无砟轨道防沙挡板减沙效果的数值模拟研究

常凡1(), 胡伟伟1, 李兴财1,2()   

  1. 1.宁夏大学 物理与电子电气工程学院/宁夏沙漠信息智能感知重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021
    2.兰州大学 土木工程与力学学院/西部灾害与环境力学教育部重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-02 修回日期:2023-01-08 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-08-14
  • 通讯作者: 李兴财
  • 作者简介:李兴财(E-mail: nxulixc2011@126.com
    常凡(1996—),女,宁夏中卫人,硕士研究生,主要从事铁路风沙灾害的数值仿真研究。E-mail: 1321033391@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(12064034);宁夏科技创新领军人才培养计划项目(2020GKLRLX08);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(lzujbky-2022-kb08)

Numerical simulation study on sand-reduction effect of sediment baffles of ballastless track

Fan Chang1(), Weiwei Hu1, Xingcai Li1,2()   

  1. 1.School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering / Ningxia Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing & Desert Information,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    2.College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics / MOE Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2022-12-02 Revised:2023-01-08 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-08-14
  • Contact: Xingcai Li

摘要:

沙漠铁路常因风沙运动而轨道积沙,严重影响行车效率和运营安全。为了缓解铁路轨道内部沙粒的堆积,许多学者基于流场调控的方法设计相关的防轨道积沙设施。 基于欧拉双流体模型研究了在无砟轨道中间布设与铁轨等高、具有不同几何截面的防沙挡板对轨道间流场及沙尘沉积过程的影响。结果表明:在无砟轨道内侧布设高175 mm、倾角分别为30°、45°、60°的倾斜挡板及矩形截面挡板、等腰直角三角形挡板可使得轨道间沙粒体积分数比降低7.98%、5.52%、4.56%、7.89%、6.83%,说明轨道间布设防沙挡板可以有效抑制轨道间的积沙,挡板倾角为30°时防沙效果最好。加入防沙挡板后,轨道间水平风速曲线呈“M”型变化,且防沙挡板两侧的流速明显增加,这种改变将显著增加颗粒的运动距离,从而降低轨道间积沙。

关键词: 轨道积沙, 风沙两相流, 防沙挡板, 流场抬升

Abstract:

Wind-blown sand movement often leads to sand deposition on the tracks of desert railways, and it severely affects the diving efficiency and operation safety. To alleviate sand deposition on railway tracks, many scholars have designed relevant preventive facilities for sand deposition on railway tracks by using the method of flow field regulation. In this paper, the impacts of sediment baffles with the same height as the rail and different geometric sections placed in ballastless track on the flow field in the track and the dust accumulation process were studied using Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid model. The results suggest that the 30°, 45° and 60° inclined baffles, rectangular baffle and right-angled isosceles triangular baffle with the height of 175 mm, when placed in ballastless track, can reduce the volume fraction ratio of sand in the track by 7.98%, 5.52%, 4.56%, 7.89% and 6.83%, respectively. This shows that sediment baffles can effectively curb the sand deposition in the track, among which the 30° inclined baffle performs the best. This is mainly due to the fact that after the sediment baffles are placed, the curve change of horizontal wind speed in the track shapes like an “M”, and the flow velocity on both sides of the baffle increases significantly. This change will significantly increase the movement distance of sand, thus reducing sand deposition in the track. The findings in this paper can provide some new ideas for the prevention and control of sand burial damage to railways in desert areas.

Key words: sand accumulation in track, wind-sand two-phase flow, sediment baffles, flow field uplift

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