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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 141-151.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00114

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双层网盾状沙障防风固沙效益的风洞试验

屈建军1,2(), 朱志昊1,2(), 李启航1, 高永平3, 林婷1,4   

  1. 1.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东 广州 511458
    2.西北大学 城市与环境学院,陕西 西安 710127
    3.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    4.广州大学 地理科学与遥感学院,广东 广州 510006
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-18 修回日期:2025-05-09 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 朱志昊
  • 作者简介:屈建军(1959—),男,陕西西安人,博士,研究员,主要研究方向为风沙防治工程。E-mail: qujianj@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才队伍项目(GML20220014)

Wind tunnel test on windbreak and sand-fixing effect of double-layer net shield sand barrier

Jianjun Qu1,2(), Zhihao Zhu1,2(), Qihang Li1, Yongping Gao3, Ting Lin1,4   

  1. 1.Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Southern Marine Science and Engineering,Guangzhou 511458,China
    2.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China
    3.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    4.School of Geography and Remote Sensing,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China
  • Received:2025-02-18 Revised:2025-05-09 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-06-30
  • Contact: Zhihao Zhu

摘要:

双层网盾状沙障具有较高的阻沙和固沙效应。对不同孔径单双层网盾状沙障进行风洞模拟试验,对比其流场特征、风沙流结构和蚀积状态。结果表明:(1)网盾状沙障内部形成明显的减速区(0~44 cm),并在后端产生更强的减速区(44~130 cm)。其中孔径2 mm的双层沙障减速效果最显著,比单层沙障形成更大的减速区域,且在不同风速条件下均表现出良好的适应性。(2)网盾状沙障输沙量分布普遍遵循指数衰减规律,双层沙障比单层阻沙效果更优,2 mm孔径的平均阻沙率最大。(3)网盾状沙障内部积沙高度随距离增加而上升,在后端达到最大值,沙障后方积沙高度逐渐降低直至与沙床相平。2 mm孔径双层沙障积沙更集中,积沙高度和区域也随着风速增加而增大。(4)孔径2 mm双层网盾状沙障兼具气流减速、积沙集中等优势,适应不同风速,防风固沙效果最佳。

关键词: 网盾状沙障, 孔径, 单双层, 防风固沙效益

Abstract:

The double-layer net shield sand barrier had high sand-blocking and sand-fixing benefits. Wind tunnel simulation tests were carried out on single-layer and double-layer net shield sand barriers with different apertures to compare their flow field characteristics, wind-sand flow structure and state of erosion and deposition. The results showed that: (1) A significant deceleration zone (0~44 cm) was formed inside the net shield sand barrier, and a stronger deceleration zone (44~130 cm) was generated at the rear end. Among them, the double-layer sand barrier with an aperture of 2 mm had the most significant deceleration effect. Compared with the single-layer sand barrier, it can form a larger deceleration area, and showed good adaptability under different wind velocity conditions. (2) The distribution of sediment discharge in the net shield sand barrier generally followed the exponential decay law. The double-layer sand barrier had more advantages than the single-layer sand barrier in the sand resistance effect, and the average sand resistance rate of the 2 mm aperture was the largest. (3) The height of sediment accumulation inside the net shield sand barrier increased with the increase of distance, and reached the maximum at the back end. The height of sediment accumulation behind the sand barrier gradually decreased until it was equal to the sand bed. The sediment accumulation of 2 mm aperture double-layer sand barrier was more concentrated, and the height and area of sediment accumulation also increased with the increase of wind velocity. (4) The double-layer net shield sand barrier with an aperture of 2 mm had the advantages of both airflow deceleration and sediment accumulation concentration. It adapted to different wind velocities and had the best windbreak and sand-fixing benefit. It provided theoretical basis and technical support for the sand control project of sandy islands and turtle spawning grounds in the South China Sea.

Key words: net shield sand barrier, aperture, single or double layer, windbreak and sand-fixing benefit

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