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中国沙漠 ›› 1989, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (4): 1-7.

• 论文 •    下一篇

向沙漠化作斗争, 为人类造福——中国科学院沙漠研究所沙漠化科学研究纪实

本刊编辑部   

  • 收稿日期:1989-09-17 出版日期:1989-12-20 发布日期:1989-12-20

FightingAgainst Desertification for Mankin Well-bing-Scientific Research Actuality of the Institute of Desert Research, Academia Sinica, Lanzhou

Editorial Office of Journal of Desert Research   

  • Received:1989-09-17 Online:1989-12-20 Published:1989-12-20

摘要: 沙漠化是当前世界上一个重要的环境问题。全球约有35%的陆地受到沙漠化的影响, 每年因沙漠化而丧失的土地有5-7万km~2。我国也是受沙漠化严重危害的圉家之一, 约有400万公顷旱作农田, 500万公顷草场和一些重要的工业基地受到沙漠化威胁和危害。中国科学院沙漠研究所以"立足国内, 面向世界"为宗旨, 十多年来, 结合我国农业区划、国土整治、环境保护对沙漠化进行系统深入地研究, 并建立九个试验基地进行沙漠化土地综合整治和合理开发利用示范性研究, 取得了良好的社会、生态和经济效益。先后获国家科技进步特等奖, 二等奖和省、部委的奖励17项。中国科学院沙漠研究所受联合国环境规划暑、亚太经社会、非洲经社会委托曾多次举办国际沙漠化治理讲习班。也曾多次派遣科学家出访第三世界受沙漠化灾害严重的国家进行考察研究和讲学, 并提出了沙漠化整治的建议, 1988年完成"马里建立绿色屏障可行性考察"等。1988年8月联合国环境规划署为表彰该所在世界沙漠化研究和培训工作上作出的贡献, 被授于"世界环境先进单位"称号。1987年, 联合国环境规划署, 中国科学院、国家环境保护局共同签署的"谅解备忘录"决定在我国以沙漠所为依托建立从事沙漠化治理研究培训工作的国际性研究机构--"国际沙漠化研究培训中心"。沙漠所将在加强国内沙漠化研究工指的同时, 还将按照备忘录中规定的任务, 开展全球沙漠治理方面的应用研究和基础研究。

Abstract: Desertification is one of the most serious environmental threat facing mankind more than one hundred of countries in the world and about 35% of earth' s land area are affected by desertification every year about 5-7 million hectares of land are lost to desertificationand causes annual losses of about US Dollar 26, 000 million in the world. China is one, of the countries seriously affected by desertification. There are 176, 000km2 cf desertified land, 158, 000 km2 pf latent deserti-fied land in arid and semi-arid zones in northern China and l8, 800 km2 of blownsand land in subhumid and humid zon.es. As many as 50 million people were affected, Over the last decade the Institute of Desert Research, in combination with farming regionalization, territory management and environment protection, conducted a large amount of scientific-rese-arches on desertification In order to explore the appropriate rehabilitating models of various types of desertified lands, the institute established nine experimental bases and carried out demonstration researches on the comprehensive rehabilitation and rational development of desertified lands. Entrusted by concerned ministries and commissions, the institute organized a series of training courses for the above countylevel officials and technicians engaged in desertification control works. In recent years the institute has won seventeen prizes, including special development prize of science and technology of PRC, second class development prize of science and technology and prizes of technological innovation of provinces and ministries In 1988, UNEP awarded "Global 500" honour to the Institute for outstanding achievements in protection and improvement of environment. The institute has organized four times of international training courses on desertification control, entrusted by UNEP and three Limes of similar courses, entrusted Astan and Pacific Econosic Society. The institute has also held several times of international seminars with the participants from 35 third world countries.Many researches of the institute have been-to the de sertif icatior-affected third world countries to conduct scientific investigation grd give lecture Scrre imqortant officials of international organizations and experts from developed countries have also been to the institute for the purpose of seeking the possibility of applying the cxqeriences in desertification control of China to the third world countries. A memorandum was signed by UNEP, Academia Sinica and Envi-ronmental Protection Bureau of the People' s Republic of China in August 1987. "International Centre for Research and Education on Desertification Control" will be established in China, relying on ike institute It is formally rec6gnized by UNEP as an international organization for the research and education of desertification control. The 1989 is the 30th anniversary of founding of the institute Revie-wing the history and looking forward to the future, the institute recognizes that the desertification is still expanding not only in China but also the World. The institute, with "based on the domestic researches make contributions to the world" as the objective will give first priority to the desertification researches.