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中国沙漠 ›› 1996, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 392-396.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

沙障成林的固沙工程及生态效益研究

许林书, 许嘉巍   

  1. 东北师范大学地理系, 长春 130024
  • 收稿日期:1995-12-11 修回日期:1996-02-27 出版日期:1996-12-20 发布日期:1996-12-20
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省科委项目《吉林省中西部沙地生态工程技术研究》成果之一

SAND FIXATION PROJECT WITH FOREST SAND BARRIER AND ITS ECOLOGICAL BENEFIT

Xu Linshu, Xu Jiawei   

  1. Department of Geography, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024
  • Received:1995-12-11 Revised:1996-02-27 Online:1996-12-20 Published:1996-12-20

摘要: 温带亚湿润地区的流动沙地具有特殊的水分状况。某些风口地段的流动沙丘, 植树难以成活, 但利用活体杨树枝条扦插沙障, 可以成活为林, 是一项机械固沙与生物固沙相统一的治沙工程。沙障成林后, 生态效益明显: 春季大风日, 林内风速削减15%~41.5%, 夏季林内温度降低1~3℃, 空气湿度增加11%~22%; 林下土壤稳定发育, 表土层粘粒增加5%~10%, 土壤有机质增加1%, 土壤结构形成; 沙丘植被逐渐演替, 由裸沙地→沙蒿(Artemisia desertorum)+沙蓬(Agrio-phylum erenarium)→沙地萎陵菜(potentila filipendula)+燕麦芨芨草(Achnatherum avinoides)→贝加尔针茅(Stipa baicalensis)+沙地萎陵菜、苔藓, 使整个沙丘形成稳定的林草系统, 并成为风口地段的防风屏障, 改善了周边的生态环境。

关键词: 温带亚湿润地区, 流动沙丘, 活体杨树枝条, 沙障

Abstract: The mobile dunes in the sub-humid temperate zone pose the specific water regime. Some wind gaps are difficult to support planted trees, but the sand-barrier consisted of alive branches of poplar can survive to become the forest. This sand-controlling project has achieved the integratation of mechanical sand-controlling and biological sand-controlling. The obvious ecological benefit can be obtained after the sand-barriers becoming forest: in the gale days during Spring, the wind speed can be reduced by 15%~41.5%; in Summer, the air temperature droped by 1~3℃,the air humidity increased by 11%~22%;the soil under the forest grows steadily, the glutinous granules in the surface layer increased by 5%~10% and the organic matter of soil increased by 1%; The plantation successes gradually from uncovered sandland to Artemisia desertorum+Agriophyllum erenarium to Potentilla filipendla+Achnatherum avinoides to Stipa baicalensis+Potentilla filipendula and moss. At last, a stable forest grass system has become and the surrounding ecological environment has been improved also.

Key words: The sub-humid temperate zone, Mobile dunes, Alive branches of poplar, Sand-barrier