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中国沙漠 ›› 2015, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 358-364.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00019

• 生物与土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆贝母(Fritillaria walujewii)的遗传多样性与遗传结构

苏志豪, 潘伯荣, 刘会良, 周晓兵, 康晓珊   

  1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2013-12-30 修回日期:2014-01-24 出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-03-20
  • 作者简介:苏志豪(1981-),男,湖北随州人,助理研究员,主要从事植物遗传保育、生物地理研究工作。Email: suzh@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区青-科技创新人才培养工程青-博士科技人才培养项目(2013731026)

Genetic Diversity and Structure of Natural Populations of Endangered Officinal Herb Fritillaria walujewii

Su Zhihao, Pan Borong, Liu Huiliang, Zhou Xiaobing, Kang Xiaoshan   

  1. Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
  • Received:2013-12-30 Revised:2014-01-24 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-03-20

摘要: 新疆贝母具较高的药学利用价值,但现存量稀少,被列为新疆Ⅲ级保护植物。为了探明其天然居群的遗传多样性,本研究选取3个叶绿体基因片段对18个居群的235个个体进行测序。结果表明: 新疆贝母总的遗传多样性较高; 居群间发生了明显的遗传分化; 遗传距离与地理距离呈显著的相关性; 昭苏县及新源县的居群具有较高的遗传多样性。居群间的地理障碍及自身的有限传播距离可能导致了居群间的遗传分化。较高的遗传灭绝风险提示应该及时对新疆贝母的天然居群进行保护,尤其在遗传多样性较高的昭苏、新源地区。

关键词: 药用植物, 珍稀, 濒危, 遗传保护

Abstract: Fritillaria walujewii has rather high medical value, but now it is endangered and listed in the Xinjiang red list of threatened species with third-ranking protection. To reveal the genetic diversity of the natural population in F. walujewii, 235 individuals from 18 natural populations were sequenced on three chloroplast intergenic spacers. We found that the total genetic diversity was pretty high, and there existed obvious genetic divergence among the populations which mainly due to the geographic barriers and its biological factors. Moreover, the genetic distance was significantly correlated with the geographic distance. Among all the populations, the two populations from Zhaosu and Xinyuan Counties harbored the highest genetic diversity. The high extinct risk of F. walujewii imply that we should conduct active protection measures, especially on the populations with higher genetic diversity in Zhaosu and Xinyuan Counties.

Key words: medicinal herb, rare species, endengered, genetic conservation

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