河道输水对塔里木河下游胡杨生长状况的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过树木年轮变化指示植物对其生境条件变化响应的生态信息,对塔里木河下游胡杨侧枝年轮样本进行了调查,并探讨塔里木河河道输水对下游胡杨个体生长的影响,通过样本反映群体的方式,评价河道输水对下游胡杨种群恢复的作用及效果。由于目前主要依靠地下水来复苏胡杨,下游潜水位受输水量及输水距离的影响,并在不同空间范围上升幅度不同,使胡杨生长响应有差异。研究结果表明:①河道输水后潜水埋深与胡杨枝径生长之间存在显著相关,在依干不及麻断面拟合方程为y=0.0443x2-0.703x+3.5869,R=0.935,P=0.009;表现为水位越浅,胡杨枝径生长量越高;但当水位上升到4 m以上时,胡杨生长量趋于稳定。②胡杨对输水作用的响应表现出明显的时空差异,各断面依过水时间长短顺序为英苏、喀尔达依、阿拉干、依干不及麻,但经8次输水后,2002—2007年胡杨枝径生长量响应大小顺序为喀尔达依、英苏、阿拉干、依干不及麻。其中下游末端依干不及麻区段胡杨枝径生长增加不明显。③河道输水具有明显的时效性,在胡杨生长季输水更有利于胡杨的生长。

关键词: 河道输水, 潜水水位, 胡杨枝径生长量, 塔里木河下游

Abstract: Change of plant growth-ring width reflects the ecological information of plants responding to ecosystem. We investigated the branch diameter increment of P. euphratica in lower reaches of Tarim River and discussed the influence of river water replenishment on the individual growth of P. euphratica, and to further evaluate the effects appropriate river water replenishment on population restoration of the P. euphratica. At present, the recovery of population P. euphratica lies on groundwater supply, and there are differences in recovery degree due to refreshed water quantity and the water flowing distance. The research results showed that: (1) The branch diameter increment of the P. euphratica is evidently correlative to the groundwater level. The regression equation for the Yikanbujima section of Tarim river is y=0.0443x2-0.703x+3.5869, R=0.935, P=0.009. The higher water level, the higher the branch diameter increment of P. euphratica is. But when the water level ascends to four meters, the growth of P. euphratica becomes steadily. The order of branch growth of P. euphratica from larger to smaller follows that of plants in Kaerdayi to Yinsu to Alakan and to Yikanbujima section after eight times of water replenishments during 2002—2007. (3) The efficiency of water replenishment varies with time, being high efficient in growth seasons.

Key words: river water replenishment, groundwater level, branch diameter increment of P.euphratica, lower reaches of the Tarim River

中图分类号:

Q948.1

邓潮洲;;张希明*;李利;吴俊侠;刘国军;闫海龙;朱军涛;吕朝燕;. 河道输水对塔里木河下游胡杨生长状况的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2010, 30(2): 312-318.

DENG Chao-zhou;;ZHANG Xi-ming;LI Li;WU Jun-xia;LIU Guo-jun;YAN Hai-long;ZHU Jun-tao;LV Chao-yan;. Effects of Replenishing Water into River on the Growth of Populus euphratica in Lower Reaches of Tarim River[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2010, 30(2): 312-318.

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