荒漠灌木树干茎流及其生态水文效应研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 树干茎流作为林冠层降雨截留再分配过程中的重要组成部分,影响着土壤-植物-大气连续体（SPAC）中不同尺度和圈层间的水分和养分循环的速度与方向,对荒漠地区灌木的生存和生长具有深远影响,对于土壤养分的溶解、利用,土壤水、地下水的循环与补给,土壤侵蚀过程等方面都有重要意义。本文系统总结了近年来荒漠地区灌木树干茎流研究的主要手段与方法,对影响树干茎流形成的主要因素、形成过程、变化趋势进行了具体论述,对主要的荒漠灌木树种树干茎流经验模型进行了归纳,并具体分析了树干茎流在生态水文学方面研究意义及主要进展。针对荒漠树干茎流尚有以下方面的问题需要进一步深入研究:(1）不同灌木树干茎流的形成过程、主要影响因素及其相互作用机制;(2）树干茎流集水系统的空间结构配置特征和降雨径流作用机制;(3)树干茎流补给在荒漠地区群落格局形成以及演替中的作用机理、荒漠植被特征与动态对截留、树干茎流、蒸散发以及入渗过程的反馈机制等。

关键词: 荒漠灌木, 树干茎流, 影响因素, 形成过程, 生态水文效应

Abstract: Stemflow is one of the main flux in the hydrological processes of forest and shrub ecosystems. It affects the hydrologic and biogeochemical cycles in different scales and different spheres in the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Systems, and plays a very important role in mitigating drought stress and improving the utilization of water resources for the shrubs in arid and semiarid region. The purpose of this review is to make a summary of the experimental studies in shrub stemflow, including the observation, scaling and modeling methods, as well as the influence factors, formation process and change trend. The eco-hydrological achievements were also reviewed and evaluated. Some areas where present knowledge is particularly weak are: (1)The process of stemflow generation, the main influence factors and their interaction mechanism; (2)as an efficient water and nutrition collecting system, its spatial structure and influence on the runoff generation for the shrub community; (3)the eco-hydrological effects of stemflow in the desert area.

Key words: desert shrub, stemflow, influence factor, formation process, eco-hydrological effects

中图分类号:

Q945.17

杨志鹏;李小雁;伊万娟. 荒漠灌木树干茎流及其生态水文效应研究进展[J]. 中国沙漠, 2010, 30(2): 303-311.

YANG Zhi-peng;LI Xiao-yan;YI Wan-juan. Review on Stemflow of Desert Shrubs—Research Methods and Eco-hydrological Effects[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2010, 30(2): 303-311.

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