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中国沙漠 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 183-189.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2020.00045

• • 上一篇    下一篇

1975—2015年腾格里沙漠湖泊面积与数量

颜长珍1,2(), 李森1,2, 逯军峰1,2, 刘立超1   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.国家地球系统科学数据中心,北京 100020
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-03 修回日期:2020-06-14 出版日期:2020-08-20 发布日期:2020-09-01
  • 作者简介:颜长珍(1967—),男,甘肃岷县人,博士,研究员,主要从事遥感与地理信息系统应用及生态环境监测等领域的工作。E-mail: yancz@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41971277)

Lake number and area in the Tengger Desert during 1975-2015

Changzhen Yan1,2(), Sen Li1,2, Junfeng Lu1,2, Lichao Liu1   

  1. 1.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2.National Earth System Science Data Center, Beijing 100020, China
  • Received:2020-01-03 Revised:2020-06-14 Online:2020-08-20 Published:2020-09-01

摘要:

腾格里沙漠湖泊是气候与环境长期演化的结果,监测其时空变化特征对了解沙漠生态系统变化及内部湖盆绿洲的可持续发展具有重要意义。选用1975—2015年多期Landsat系列遥感数据及2018年Sentinel-2遥感数据为信息源,通过面向对象的分类方法及目视解译提取了多期沙漠湖泊变化时空数据,分析了腾格里沙漠现代湖泊现状、年际变化特征及其影响因素,并在沙漠东南部选择典型区分析了湖泊的年内变化特征。结果表明:2015年腾格里沙漠有240个湖泊,总面积2 652.2 hm2,虽然湖泊数量多,但是面积不大,多数湖泊面积小于5 hm2。1975—1995年湖泊的数量和面积都呈增加趋势,其中面积较大的湖泊相对稳定;湖泊数量的相对变率2.5%~50.9%,湖泊面积的相对变率3.7%~75.9%,降水波动对湖泊年际变化的影响较大。典型区湖泊在2018年变化相对平缓,湖泊面积在4月最大,7月最小,年内面积相对变率为0.4%~21.8%,气温和植被生长是湖泊年内变化的主要影响因素。

关键词: 腾格里沙漠, 遥感监测, 湖泊变化, 影响因素

Abstract:

The lakes in the Tengger Desert are the result of long-term evolution of climate and environment. It is of great significance to monitor the spatial and temporal changes of the lakes for understanding the changing process of desert ecosystem and the sustainable development of oases in lake basins. In this study, the series of Landsat data from 1975 to 2015 and sentinel-2 data from 2018 were selected to derive the spatial and temporal data of lakes in the Tengger Desert through object oriented classification method and visual interpretation. The status quo, the characteristics of annual and inter-annual changes of lakes in the Tengger Desert and their influencing factors were also analyzed. The results showed that there were 240 lakes in the Tengger Desert with a total area of 2 652.2 hm2 in 2015. The number and area of lakes increased from 1975 to 1995. The relative variation rate of the number of lakes was between 2.5%-50.9%, and that of the area of the lakes was between 3.7%-75.9%. The changes of lakes in typical areas in southeast region was relatively flat during 2018, the area of the lakes reached their maximum in April and their minimum in July, and the relative variation rate of the monthly area was between 0.4%-21.8%. Temperature and vegetation growth were the main factors affecting the monthly variation of lakes.

Key words: Tengger Desert, remote sensing monitor, change of lake, affecting factor

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