西北干旱区水资源约束城市化进程的定量辨识——以甘肃省武威、张掖市为例

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 加快西北干旱区的城市化进程,是实施西部大开发战略和全面建设小康社会的必由之路。而城市化水平的提升,主要取决于驱动力和制动力的大小。通过西北干旱区典型绿洲城市武威和张掖的城市化水平、用水总量、经济总量、产业结构、用水效益、人均用水水平等变化过程的定量分析和比较,发现水资源对城市化进程存在明显的约束作用,水资源约束力是导致城市化进程缓慢的重要因素之一。通过城市化水平与水资源利用关系对数约束模型的推导与分析,发现城市化水平与用水总量之间拟合方程的相关系数,可作为定量识别西北干旱区水资源约束城市化进程的重要指标。根据实际拟合结果,水资源对武威市城市化进程的约束强度为0.937,属于极强约束类型;对张掖市的约束强度为0.438,属于较强约束类型。

关键词: 城市化, 水资源约束, 约束强度, 西北干旱区

Abstract: During the great development of west China, it is necessary to accelerate the process of urbanization in the arid area of northwest China to construct a well-off society. The speed of urbanization is decided mainly by its driving forces and brake resistances. We analyzed and compared the changes of urbanization process, total water utilization, total economic output value, industrial structure, water utilization benefits and per capital water utilization in Wuwei and Zhangye cities, which are both typical oasis cities in the arid area of northwest China, and found that water resources had restricted the process of urbanization obviously. Water resources constraint is one of the most important factors which have slowed down the process of urbanization. By deducing and analysis of the logarithmic constraint model between urbanization level and total water utilization, we found that, according to the correlation coefficient of the fitted equations about urbanization and total water utilization, we can recognized the water resources constraint on urbanization in the arid area of northwest China. We applied the logarithmic constraint model in Wuwei and Zhangye cities, and obtained that the water resources constraint intensity on urbanization in Wuwei city is 0.937, and that in Zhangye city is 0.438. Wuwei city belongs to the very strong constraint type area and Zhangye city belongs to the less strong constraint type area.

Key words: urbanization, water resources constraint, constraint intensity, northwest China

中图分类号:

F299.21

鲍超;;方创琳. 西北干旱区水资源约束城市化进程的定量辨识——以甘肃省武威、张掖市为例[J]. 中国沙漠, 2007, 27(4): 704-710.

BAO Chao;FANG Chuang-lin. Quantitative Research of Water Resources Constraint on Urbanization in Arid Area of Northwest China:Taking Wuwei and Zhangye Cities in Gansu Province as A Case[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2007, 27(4): 704-710.

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