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中国沙漠 ›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 878-884.

• 生态经济 • 上一篇    

城市地表温度对土地利用/覆被变化响应的遥感研究——以乌鲁木齐为例

王珊珊1, 陈 曦1*, 段含明2, 周可法1, 艾里西尔·库尔班1   

  1. 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 新疆矿产资源研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    2.西华师范大学 国土资源学院, 四川 南充 637002
  • 收稿日期:2011-08-12 修回日期:2011-09-10 出版日期:2012-05-20 发布日期:2012-05-20

Study on Response of Land Surface Temperature to Land Use and Land Cover Change Using Remote Sensing Data: A case on Urumqi, China

WANG Shan-shan1, CHEN Xi1, DUAN Han-ming2, ZHOU Ke-fa1, Alishir Kurban1   

  1. 1.Xinjiang Research Center for Meneral Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
    2.College of Land and Resources, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2011-08-12 Revised:2011-09-10 Online:2012-05-20 Published:2012-05-20

摘要: 快速的城市化对城市环境产生显著的影响,基于遥感定量研究地表温度对土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)的响应,来评估快速城市化对环境的影响,是一种快速、有效的途径。以干旱区典型绿洲型城市——乌鲁木齐为例,将遥感与地理信息系统相结合,利用1990年和2009年两期陆地卫星影像为基础数据进行土地利用/覆被分类,并基于单窗算法定量反演同期的地表温度,从而对快速城市化进程中的土地利用/覆被类型动态变化的空间特征及地表温度对快速城市化的响应情况进行了定量研究。结果显示,在近20 a间,乌鲁木齐城市迅速扩张,土地利用/覆被类型变化显著,城市建设用地增长率高达44.73%;同时城市的快速发展使地表温度提高了近6 ℃。研究表明,温度变化格局,尤其是增温区的空间分布与城市扩张的空间格局基本一致,说明地表温度对城市的土地利用/覆被变化产生了显著的响应。

关键词: 土地利用/覆被变化, 地表温度, 乌鲁木齐, 城市扩张

Abstract: Rapid urban expansion has significant impact on urban environment. Study on response of land surface temperature to land use and land cover change (LUCC) using remote sensing data is an effective way to monitor and evaluate the impact of urbanization on urban environment. In this paper, we took an oasis city in arid region-Urumqi City as an example, and retrieved land surface temperature and detected land use/cover change (LUCC) and urban expansion of the study area by integrating remote sensing and geographic information systems. Landsat TM images of 1990 and 2009 were used to acquire the land use and land cover data. The single thermal infrared band was used to retrieve the land surface temperature. Based on the combining analysis of LUCC and the retrieved land surface temperature, response of land surface temperature to urbanization was studied quantitatively. Results showed that during the period from 1990 to 2009, land use and land cover of Urumqi experienced a dramatic variation, rapid urban expansion happened, and the increasing rate of urban construction area reached to 44.73%, and this urban development had raised land surface temperature by about 6 ℃. Distribution of the areas with raising temperature is consistent with the enlarged urban regions, which reveals that the urban development has raised the land surface temperature.

Key words: land use and land cover change, land surface temperature, Urumqi City, urban expansion

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