红砂根系构型对干旱的生态适应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对西北干旱、半干旱区不同生境条件下红砂（Reaumuria soongorica）根系构型参数进行了分析,以探讨红砂根系构型对干旱的生态适应性。结果表明:①不同生境条件下红砂根系的拓扑指数均较小,根系分支模式接近叉状分支模式,但在干旱的河西走廊风沙区和戈壁区红砂根系拓扑指数均逐渐增加,表明干旱有使红砂根系分支向鱼尾分支模式发展。②干旱的河西走廊风沙区和戈壁区红砂根系分形维数均较小,分别为1.1778、1.1169,分形特征不是很明显;而半干旱的黄土丘陵沟壑区分形维数较大,根系具有很好的分形特征。③干旱的河西走廊红砂根系总分支率均比半干旱的黄土丘陵沟壑区要小,表明在半干旱的黄土丘陵沟壑区红砂根系分支能力相对较强,随着干旱的增加其分支能力有所减弱。④不同生境条件下红砂根系的连接长度都较大,但不同生境却表现出明显差异,其中干旱风沙区根系平均连接长度最长。红砂为适应干旱的环境通过减少根系次级分支和根系的重叠、增加根系连接长度,使其根系的分支模式向鱼尾分支模式发展以降低根系内部对营养物质的竞争,提高根系对营养物质的吸收效率,保证植物有效的营养空间,从而在资源贫瘠的环境中吸收足够的水分和营养来保证其正常生理需求。

关键词: 拓扑指数, 分形维数, 分形丰度, 生态适应, 根系构型

Abstract: The architecture parameters of Reaumuria soongorica root system at different habitats in Gansu Province, China were analyzed to examine its ecological adaptability to arid environment. Results show that: (1) Topological indices of R. soongorica root system are small at all the habitats, and root branching pattern tends to be dichotomous. The topological indices of R. soongorica root system gradually increase in the Minqin windblown sand region and the Zhangye gobi region in Hexi Corridor, which indicates that drought makes root branching pattern tend to be herringbone-like. (2) Fractal dimension values of R. soongorica root system all are small in the Minqin windblown sand region and the Zhangye gobi region in Hexi Corridor, and the values are 1.1778 and 1.1169, respectively, which indicates that the fractal characteristics are not obvious in these areas. While the fractal dimension values are relative large in Jiuzhoutai semi-arid hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau, which indicates that the R. soongorica root system has better fractal characteristics in this region than in the other regions. (3) Total branching ratios of the R. soongorica root system in arid region of Hexi Corridor are smaller than that in the Jiuzhoutai semi-arid hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau. It shows that the root branching ability in the semi-arid region is stronger, and it decreases at some degree with drought increase. (4) The root link lengths of R. soongorica root system are long at all the habitats, but there are significant differences between the different habitats. The root link length at the Minqin windblown sand region is the longest. It is concluded that R. soongorica adapts to arid environment by decreasing root branching, decreasing root overlap and increasing the root link length, which makes its root branching pattern tend to be herringbone-like to reduce compete degree in root internal environment for nutrients and to enhance root absorption rate to nutrients, and ensure the effective nutrition space, thus it can absorb enough water and nutrients in resource-poor settings to ensure its normal physiological requirements.

Key words: topological indices, fractal dimension, fractal abundance, ecological adaptation, root architecture

中图分类号:

Q944.54

单立山, 李毅, 董秋莲, 耿东梅. 红砂根系构型对干旱的生态适应[J]. 中国沙漠, 2012, 32(5): 1283-1290.

DAN Li-shan, LI Yi, DONG Qiu-lian, GENG Dong-mei. Ecological Adaptation of Reaumuria Soongorica Root System Architecture to Arid Environment[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2012, 32(5): 1283-1290.

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