基于SWEEP模型的天津一次典型沙尘污染事件分析

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00200

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了分析沙尘天气局地源地表风蚀起尘量与外来源传输路径,针对中国现在沙尘起尘量化的欠缺,应用一次事件的风侵蚀评估模型(SWEEP)来计算天津一次典型沙尘污染事件局地源的总损失量、蠕移+跃移量、悬移量与PM₁₀的量,结合HYSPLIT模型对天津市进行外来源空气颗粒物的轨迹模拟,并分析了空气颗粒物的输送特征。结果表明:在2013年3月9日,天津市郊区12个区县中塘沽单位地块和总起尘量都最大,主要是风速大所致。悬移量在总损失量中比例最大,为85.19%。空气颗粒物的传输路径主要有中国的内蒙古,且当沙尘严重时,不同高度运动轨迹趋于一致。

关键词: SWEEP模型, HYSPLIT模型, 沙尘污染, 起尘量, 天津

Abstract: Due to the lack of quantification analysis of sand-dust in China, this study aims to analyze dust fluxes of the wind erosion of soil from local source and transmission path of long-transportation sources. Single-event Wind Erosion Evaluation Program(SWEEP) is used to analyze local source and calculate total loss fluxes, creep and saltation fluxes, suspension fluxes and PM₁₀ fluxes of a typical sand-dust pollution accident on March 9, 2013 in Tianjin. Combined with Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model(HYSPLIT), the study simulates trajectories of airborne particles and analyzes transport characteristics of airborne particles process of long-transportation sources in Tianjin. The results show that maximum dust emission fluxes of per block and total emission fluxes occur in Tanggu district, one of the twelve suburb districts of Tianjin on March 9,2013, mainly because of the strong speed. Suspension fluxes account for 85.19%, which are the largest proportion of total loss fluxes. Inner Mongolia is the main transmission path of airborne particles. Movement trajectories of different heights tend to be consistent especially when the sand-dust is serious.

Key words: SWEEP model, HYSPLIT model, sand-dust pollution, emission fluxes, Tianjin

中图分类号:

X513

曹亚亚, 陈莉. 基于SWEEP模型的天津一次典型沙尘污染事件分析[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015, 35(6): 1644-1651.

Cao Yaya, Chen Li. Analysis of a Typical Sand-dust Pollution Accident on March 9, 2013 in Tianjin Based on SWEEP Model[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2015, 35(6): 1644-1651.

参考文献

[1] 陈亿.近十年中国北方沙尘天气变化特征及其成因研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013.
[2] 牛若芸,田翠英,毕宝贵,等.沙尘暴天气等级气象标准汇编2005-2006[M].北京:气象出版社,2008:25-31.
[3] 翟盘茂,李晓燕.中国北方沙尘天气的气候条件[J].地理学报,2003,58(1):129-135.
[4] Wang X,Ma Y,Chen H,et al.The relation between sandstorms and strong winds in Xinjiang,China[J].Water,Air and Soil Pollution:Focus,2003,3(2):67-79.
[5] 叶笃正,丑纪范,刘纪远,等.关于我国华北沙尘天气的成因与治理对策[J].地理学报,2000,55(5):513-521.
[6] 王炜,方宗义.沙尘暴天气及其研究进展综述[J].应用气象学报,2004,15(3):366-381.
[7] Hager L J.WEPS Technical Document[Z].1996.
[8] WEPS1.0 User Manual[Z].2010.
[9] 尹晓惠.我国沙尘天气研究的最新进展与展望[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(4):728-733.
[10] Carlson T N.Atmospheric turbidity in Saharan dust outbreaks as determined by analyses of satellite brightness data[J]. Monthly Weather Review,1979,107:322-335.
[11] 冯鑫媛,王式功,杨德保,等.近几年沙尘天气对中国北方环保重点城市可吸入颗粒物污染的影响[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(3):735-740.
[12] SWEEP User Guide[Z].2008.
[13] Kim H S,Chung Y S.On the sandstorms and associated airborne dustfall episodes observed at Cheongwon in Korea in 2005[J].Air Quality,Atmosphere & Health,2010,3(2):83-94.
[14] Draxler R R.Description of the HYSPLIT-4 Modeling System[R].NOAA Technical Memorandum,1997.
[15] 黄健,颜鹏,Draxler R.利用HYSPLIT_4模式分析珠海地面SO₂浓度的变化规律[J].热带气象学报,2002,18(4):407-414.
[16] 蔡旭辉,张祯玺,康凌,等.珠江三角洲东部低层大气流动与大尺度扩散特性[J].热带气象学报,2005,21(5):497-505.
[17] Zannetti P.Air pollution modeling[M].New York,USA:Van Nostrand Reinhold,1990:185-222.
[18] 王艳,柴发合,王永红,等.长江三角洲地区大气污染物输送规律研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(5):1430-1435.
[19] 陈莉,李涛,韩婷婷,等.WEPS模型下天津郊区风蚀尘对城区空气质量的影响[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(8):1353-1360.
[20] 苏蔚潇.典型区域海岸带综合承载力评估[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013.
[21] http://www2.tjfdc.gov.cn/Pages/etdgl2.aspx?id=gterqi_tdgltdlyztgh&listid=erqi_guihuajihua&itemid=41.